列车轮对自动检测系统-物理电子学专业论文.docx

Y Y 77孑j易7 中文摘要 ／ 中文摘要 车辆轮对作为列车上重要的可互换走行部件，在铁路安全运输和速 度方面起着关键性的作用。目前，我国车辆轮对的检测仍停留在手工测 量阶段，技术落后、工作效率低。而日本、美国等国在轮对自动检测方 面进行了大量的研究，并研制出各种类型的检测装置，产生了巨大经济 效益。随着我国工业控制技术领域的巨大进步和市场的开放，给计算机 控制技术、信息技术在铁路系统的应用带来了前所未有的机遇。 本文介绍一种应用CCD(Charge Couple Dev Jce)图像测量技术实现 列车轮对外形尺寸非接触检测的方法，并在此基础卜完成了“列车轮对 自动检测系统”软件的开发。本文首先介绍了“检测系统”的硬件组成， 然后针对由硬件装置误差引起的采集图像的几何畸变，采用二元多项式 方法对其进行几何校正，应用“统计均值法”对图像进行分割，求出车 轮踏面的各项参数。最后，建立数据库，实现数据的存储、编辑、查询 等功能。通过在实验室对标准物进行测试实验，得到测量结果并进行分 析，得出由软件系统求得的各项参数满足系统的要求，“列车轮对自动检 测系统”能够实现对列车轮对准确测最的结论。 关键词：轮对、非接触检测、图像处理、几何校诈 黑龙江大学硕士学位论文Abstract 黑龙江大学硕士学位论文 Abstract Train wheel is one of the most important inter—changeable components in the vehicle，and it plays a critical role in the safety ofrailway transportation and speed，but in onr country,the wheelset is still in the stage of manual measurement，which iS backward and less efficient while in the developed countries such as US and Japan advanced Research has been conducted and lots of measurement equipment has been developed，therefore bringing about enorlnous economic benefits．The huge progress made in the indus订ial control technology and information technology as well as the opeuning—up of the market have ushered in unprecedemed opportunities for the application of the computer control technology and information technology：o the railway system．． This thesis mainly introduces a non—contact measurement of wheelset dimensions using CCD image measuring technique．And software system of train wheelset parameter measuring device has been researched．At first thie thesis makes an introduction of the hardware makeup of the‘testing system”，then aiming at the geometric abberation of image gathering caused by hardware device error,employs method of binary mutinomlal to rectify it geometricly and applies“Statistical average method”to the partition of the image SO as to acquire the various parameters of wheel tread．Eventually I setup a database and raeiize such functions as the storage，edition and inquiry of the data Via conducting te