兰考县农村土地流转分析-土地资源管理专业论文.docxVIP

I I 摘 要 中国自古以来就是以自然经济为主体的农业社会，自鸦片战争后，受到西方资本主 义冲击自然经济开始解体，但是土地仍然是承载中国农民生存和生活的重要载体。土地 与农民的生活密切相关。改革开放以来，我国社会经济发展取得举世瞩目的成就，然而 落后的农村、传统的农业和贫困的农民成为制约我国社会经济进一步发展的瓶颈。要解 决“三农”问题，就得处理好与农民密切联系的土地问题。近年来，伴随着农业产业结 构的调整，农村土地规模化经营成为农业生产的重要形式。在政府的推动和经济发展客 观需求下，农村土地流转范围不断扩大，形式也日渐多样，并引起了全社会的普遍关注。 农村土地流转有着重要的现实意义，它能推进农业产业结构调整，促使农村土地资源的 合理配置，并能解放土地对劳动力的束缚，为我国第二产业和第三产业的发展提供充足 的劳动力资源。 本文在通过对国家土地流转相关政策和相关理论的梳理，在对兰考县实地调查的基 础上，结合我国“三农”特点和土地流转实况，分析我国土地流转的现状、存在障碍以 及存在的问题，探讨了关于农村土地流转的动力机制，并对农村土地流转提出了相关的 政策建议。首先，兰考县土地流转近年来速度加快，土地流转的方式以及主体多元化， 土地流转的市场化程度加深。但是，不完善的社会保障制度、土地流转监督管理机制的 缺失、农民自身素养较低、资金缺乏、基层政府的态度“过热等问题，都在一定程度上 阻碍了我国农村土地流转。其次，经济发展对社会分工和规模生产客观需求、农业产业 结构调整、政府政策支撑、农村劳动力的非农就业转移和知识和科技的进步，从内外两 个方面推动了农村土地流转。最后，针对上述问题提出了促进农村土地流转的相关建议： 完善社会保障制度、加大户籍改革力度、明晰产权、完善土地流转中介组织和监督机制 以及发展农民专业合作组织等。 关键词：农村土地流转、流转模式、流转机制、兰考县 III III IV IV ABSTRACT Since ancient times，China has been an agricultural society, in which the natural economy dominated. Since after the Opium War, influenced by Western capitalism, the natural economy began to disintegrate. However, the land is still an important carrier of Chinese farmers. The land is closely related to the life of the farmers. Since the reform and opening up, China has made remarkable achievements in development of social economy. But rural areas, traditional agriculture and poor farmers has become a bottleneck for the further development of Chinas social economy. To solve the three rural issue, you have to deal with land issues which are closely related to farmers. In recent years, along with the adjustment of agricultural structure, rural land-scale management is an important form of agricultural production. With the promotion of government and the need of the development of economy, the range of rural land circulation is expanding with diverse forms, which causes a widespread concern of the whole society. Rural land circulation has an important practical significance in that it can promote the adjustment of agricultural structure, promote the rational allocati