CSSP2003TheFifthSyntaxandSemanticsConferencein培训课件.pptVIP

Chierchia (1998): Kinds Kinds have a hybrid nature: They are individual concepts(functions from worlds to individuals) They are systematically related to properties(applying to the specimens) Mapping of properties to kinds by Down Operator ? If P is a property, then ? P = ?w[?[P(w)]] Cf. ter Meulen (1980), hybrid nature of mass nouns:? Predicate use, This ring is gold.? Referring use, Gold is a metal. Chierchia (1998): Kinds Not every property is related to a kind: ? For every world w, ?P(w) must be defined;this is the case with cumulative properties like DOGS but not with non-c