冷藏保存对紫贻贝匐足面盘幼虫生长和变态的影响-捕捞学专业论文.docxVIP

中文摘要将两组紫贻贝的匐足面盘幼虫饲育群(饲育群l和饲育群2)在4℃冷藏条 中文摘要 将两组紫贻贝的匐足面盘幼虫饲育群(饲育群l和饲育群2)在4℃冷藏条 件下，同时保存2周和4周，观察冷藏后幼虫的生长及幼虫对诱导物质的反应。 在4周冷藏过程中，饲育群l的匐足面盘幼虫幼虫出现生长，而饲育群2停 止生长。冷藏后的两个饲育群与没有冷藏的幼虫生长速度相同。经过13天的饲育 (17。C)，两个饲育群幼虫达到成熟，并且能够被微生物薄膜、肾上腺素、氨甲酰 胆碱等物质诱导变态。冷藏和没有冷藏处理的匐足面盘幼虫被诱导所获得稚贝率 及稚贝的生长没有显著差别。结果表明，4周的4C冷藏保存对匐足面盘幼虫的变 态和稚贝的生长无不良影响。因此，冷藏保存是一种延长紫贻贝匐足面盘幼虫生 活史的有效方法，这对连续研究生物某一生命阶段生理和生态具有重要意义。 关键词：紫贻贝：匐足面盘幼虫；冷藏；生长：变态：微生物薄膜；肾上腺素； 氨甲酰胆碱；生物实验 1．IntroductionThe 1．Introduction The genus Mytilus is widely distributed in boreal and temperate waters of the northern and southem hemisphere(Soot—Ryen 1 955)．To date，there are about five or six taxa in the genus，namely Mytilus edulis，彪 galloprovincialis，M．trossulus．M．desolations．M．californianus and perhaps．似coruscus(Gosling 1 992)． 1．1．Importance of Mussel Mussels are a delicious delicacy and are cultured as ail important fishery in many countries and areas．Mussels occupy a premier position in the world aquaculture production(Hickman 1 992)．The total production of mussels exceeded 1．1 million tons in t988(FAO 1990)．The vast majority of this comes from aquaculture．Over 20 countries now report regular harvests of farmed mussels．The world production was dominated by two countries，China，with almost 40％of the total production，and Spain，with a further 20％(Hickman 1 992)． In China，mussel culture is relatively new and started with blue mussel in the 1 950s as a byproduct of seaweed culture(Guo et a1．1 999)．In the past years，mussel culture has experienced rapid development due to economic reform and government promotion．Productions of mussels increased from 210，657 tons(1986)to 366，25 1 tons(whole body wet weight in 1996)(Guo et a1．1999)．However’mussel culture has been in decline in recent years probably because of competition from high—value species，such as scallops，oysters and abalones(Guo et a1．1 999)． 3 Mussels Mussels are also viewed as one of the most significant macro—fouling organisms(Richmond and Seed 1 99 1)．Mussels easily set on the man。made surfaces incl