浅谈定语从句的状语用法.docVIP

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PAGE PAGE 1 浅谈定语从句的状语用法   定语从句在英语中使用很广。学生往往认为,定语从句就是作定语,是对中心名词的修饰和限定。但有些定语从句,形式上虽是定语,却含有状语的意义,表示时间、条件、原因、目的、让步和结果等多种关系,这种现象被称为“定语从句的状语用法”。   在现行和旧版的高中英语人教版教材中这种情况都有体现。因此,我们在教学中不仅要重视定语从句的语法结构的分析,还要重视对定语从句的语义功能的研究,只有这样才能真正帮助学生正确理解和运用定语从句。   一、定语从句的状语用法示例   1. 表示“原因”的定语从句。   从上下文的语境来看,这类定语从句与主句之间是因果关系,相当于as, because等引导的原因状语从句。如,   Some festivals are held to honour the dead or to satisfy the ancestors,who might return either to help or to do harm.(M3U1 人教版必修3 Unit 1)   =Some festivals are held to honour the dead or to satisfy the ancestors because they might return either to help or to do harm. 有些节日,是为了纪念死者,或使祖先得到满足,因为祖先们有可能回到世上(给人们)提供帮助,也可能带来危害。   He is loved and remembered as a great actor who could inspire people with great confidence. (M4U3)人们热爱和怀念这位伟大的演员,因为他鼓舞人们并增强他们的信心。   2. 表示“时间”的定语从句。   这类定语从句在句中表示时间,在语义上相当于when, after, until 等引导的时间状语从句。   First aid is a temporary form of help given to someone who suddenly falls ill or gets injured before a doctor can be found. (M5U5)   = First aid is a temporary form of help given to someone when he or she suddenly falls ill or gets injured before a doctor can be found.急救是当一个人突然生病或受伤时,在找到医生之前所进行的一种临时援助形式。   A driver who is driving a car mustn’t talk with others or be assent-minded.   =When a driver is driving a car,he mustn’t talk with others or be assent-minded.司机开车时,不能与别人谈话,也不能走神。   3. 表示“条件”的定语从句。   这类定语从句在句中表示条件,在语义上相当于if等引导的条件状语从句。   Anyone who has sex with a person infected with HIV/AIDS risks getting the virus. (M6U3)   = Anyone risks getting the virus if he or she has sex with a person infected with HIV/AIDS. 任何人如果同感染了HIV病毒的人性交,他们就有染上这种病毒的危险。   Nothing is hard in the world for anyone who dares to scale the heights. 世上无难事,只要肯登攀。   4. 表示“目的”的定语从句。   这类定语从句在句中表示目的,在语义上相当于so that, in order that等引导的目的状语从句。   She has helped to set up special places where they can live safely. (M4U1)   = She has helped to set up special places so that they can live safely there. 她已经帮助建立了特别的地方,以便黑猩猩们能够安全地生活。   He wishes to write an article

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