论辽代后族与辽代政治-专门史专业论文.docxVIP

万方数据 万方数据 论辽代后族与辽代政治 中文摘要 辽代后族包括了传统的拔里、乙室已后族和随阿保机势力同时兴起的述律、 承天后族。随着述律、承天后族的崛起，传统后族的地位受到了极大的挑战， 并渐渐为新兴后族所取代。新兴后族凭借其辅助太祖创业的功劳，获得了政治、 经济等特权，为他们参与朝政提供了强大的基础。 在不同的历史时期，后族为辽的发展起到了不同的作用。辽建国初期，辽 太祖在后族的帮助下，建立和巩固了君主专制制度，彻底改变了辽朝的政治形 态；辽中期，在承天后族的作用下，辽代巩固和发展了封建君主专制，国力在 此时期猛增，达到极盛；而在辽代后期，后族和皇族的斗争及后族内部之间的 倾轧，导致了辽朝从极盛走向衰亡。 辽朝为游牧民族建立的政权，因此在对女性参政等问题的看法上与中原王 朝极为不同。文章中分析了辽代后族与中原王朝后族参政的异同，从文化层面 考察游牧文化与中原文化的差异。 辽代后族和皇族世代联姻，通过血缘使其与皇族融为一体，他们“势分力 敌，相为唇齿，以翰邦家，是或一道”，因此后族对皇族的支持与否，在很大程 度上决定了辽的发展方向。而辽王朝也正是在后族的陪伴下，经历了建国、发 展、兴盛、衰落和灭亡的全过程。 本文论述了辽代后族的族属、官职、与政情况及其对辽所产生的作用等内 容，认为辽代后族是辽代不可或缺的重要组成部分，在辽朝的不同时期内，发 挥了积极和消极两方面的作用。 关键词：辽代；后族；政治 I The study of the empresss clans and the politics in Liao dynasty Abstract The empress’s clans of Liao dynasty includes the traditional clans named Bali and Yishiyi and the new clans raised with the Abaoji’s forces named Shulv and Chengtian. The traditional clans faced a great challenge along with the raises of the new empress’s clans, and gradually replaced by the new raised clans. The new clans had been awarded the political, economic and other privileges depended on their great helpful in the process of Abaoji to build a new dynasty which provides a strong foundation for their participation in the political affairs. In different historical periods, the empress’s clans played a different role for the development of Liao dynasty. In Shulv’s period, under the help from the empress’s clans, Liao Taizu had established and consolidated the autocratic monarchy, totally changed the political status of Liao dynasty; in Chengtian’s period, consolidated and deepen developed the autocratic monarchy, the national power soared and reached the most prosperity status; but in Qinai’s period, the struggle between the empress’s clans and royal family, and the stifle between the empress’s clans leaded the whole nation to the decline and fall from the prosperity. Liao dynasty was established by the nomads, so the thought on women in politics and other issues are different with the cent