论我国的消费者公益诉讼原告主体制度-法律专业论文.docxVIP

摘要 摘要 摘要 摘要 I I PAGE PAGE IV 摘 要 消费者公益诉讼制度的出现是市场经济不断变化发展的必然结果，即 消费网络、连锁行业的扩大使不法经营行为涉及的消费者人数不断增加， 而这些消费者往往居住分散，力量单薄，不足以、也无法与大型企业或商 家相抗衡。为了改变消费领域这一诉讼地位不平等带来的恶性结果，消费 者公益诉讼原告主体制度便应运而生。 在世界范围内，鉴于法律传统、历史文化以及社会发展进程等因素的 不同，不仅两大法系中不同国家的消费者公益诉讼原告主体制度存在差异， 就连同一法系不同国家的该制度也是形色各异。在我国，消费者公益诉讼 原告主体制度无论是在立法还是实践都深有尝试，但现有的与此制度相关 的立法却仍然存在诸多问题，其中最重要的就是现阶段可以提起消费者公 益诉讼的原告主体范围已不足以满足救济消费领域侵权行为所造成的损害 结果的客观需求。故扩大消费领域维权诉讼的原告主体范围是我国当前法 制改革的不二选择。 结合我国具体国情，检察机关作为我国的法律监督机关，其特殊的身 份地位决定其可以成为提起消费者公益诉讼的原告主体；与之相反，行政 机关因与大型企业具有先天联系，并不适合成为消费领域绝大多数群体主 张权利的代表；社会团体虽说可以弥补受侵害消费者诉讼能力的不足，但 也不是任何社会团体都得享此类资格。笔者认为，公益律师团体是除消费 者协会之外可以享受此类资格的另一类社会团体；最后，依据我国法理以 及社会发展的现实，与不法经营者之违法行为具有某种利益冲突的公民个 人理应享有此类资格。除此之外，正确处理多元制诉讼主体的诉讼序位， 同时完善证据收集、诉讼费用承担、损害赔偿金的计算与赔偿等相关细节 也是使消费领域公共权利得到妥善处理和及时维护的必要环节和重要举 措。 关键词：消费者；公益诉讼；原告主体 ABSTRACT ABSTRACT III III PAGE PAGE IV ABSTRACT The emergence of the consumer public interest litigation system is the inevitable result of the development market-oriented economy. Because of the progressive economy, it causes the expansion of the consumption network and chain industry which give rise to the growing numbers of the consumers fall victim to illegal management behaviors. But these consumers usually live scattered and they are too weak to compete with the large enterprises and businesses. Therefore, in order to change the bad result caused by the unequal litigation status of consumption，the plaintiff subject regime in the consumer public interest litigation system emerges as the times require. In the whole world, given the different of the legal tradition, history and culture as well as the social development process and so on, there is a big difference in the scope of plaintiff, not only between common law system and civil law system, but also in different countries which have the same law system. In our country, this regime had practiced many times not only in legislative regime but also in judicial practice, but it is worth pointing out that many problems still exist in the existing legisla