论古希腊神话中的“杀子”母题-比较文学与世界文学专业论文.docxVIP

I I 摘 要 古希腊神话中有许多母题， “杀子”母题就是其中的一种。它有四种类型：捍权 型、献祭型、仇杀型和无知型。捍权型是父辈为了捍卫自己的权利，对子辈实施的杀 戮，它反映的是新旧文化的冲突，体现为父子之间的矛盾；献祭型是父辈为了自己的 忠贞信仰，通过牺牲子辈来达到实现理想的目的，它反映的是人与宗教的冲突，体现 为人类信仰的异化；仇杀型是女性通过对孩子的杀戮实行得对男性的报复，它反映的 是两性之间的冲突，表达形式为强烈的女性意识；无知型是父辈因为命运的捉弄，无 意间造成了孩子的死亡，它反映的是人与命运的冲突，体现为人在命运面前的无能为 力。 这些类型的“杀子”，是原始生活中一种特殊的心理模式，是集体无意识对原始 社会生活中的生活秩序和行为习惯的继承，其产生的根本原因一方面是由于生存危机 的影响，另一方面是宗教信仰的结果。通过这些“杀子”母题，我们可以看到人类的 自我保护本能和对自我尊严的维护。希腊神话的“杀子”母题蕴涵着丰富的文化内涵 和现实意义。 关键词：古希腊神话；杀子；母题 II II Abstract The story of Ancient Greek Mythology has many motif .The Kill-sub Motif is one of them. It has four types: Defending the power, Godiness, Revenge and Ignorance. Defending the power is the type that parents want to protect themselves by killing children, this type mirrors the conflict between new cultures and old cultures, it also reflects the contradiction between parents and children; Godiness is the type that parents want to make the belief to be the center, so they kill children to realize their purpose, this type mirrors the conflict between humanity and religion, it also reflects the dissimilation of human beliefs; Revenge is the type that feminine reprisal mankind by killing children, this type mirrors the conflict between male and female, its expression is intensive consciousness of female; Ignorance is the type that parents are teased by destiny, so children are killed involuntarily, this type mirrors the conflict between human and destiny, it also reflects the human inability . These Kill-sub Motifs are a special mode of social psychology in primitive life, and what is more, a succession of the collective unconsciousness about the living system and behavioral custom in primitive life. The ultimate reasons of this phenomenon lie in existent crisis and religious beliefs. By means of these Kill-sub Motifs, we can know the basic instinct of self-protection and the maintenance of self-dignity to humanity. The Kill-sub Motif in Ancient Greek Mythology has profound cultural meaning and practi