论环境公益诉讼的原告资格-法律·环境法专业论文.docxVIP

重庆大学硕士学位论文中文摘要 重庆大学硕士学位论文 中文摘要 I I 摘 要 传统意义上，原告资格通常要求原告人与诉讼标的有独立的、排他的利害关系。尤 其在我国，诉讼框架的设计深受传统法的影响而与现代法治精神存在诸多悖离。环境问 题和环境公益维护的特殊性，迫切要求突破原告资格的限制，建立起环境公益诉讼制度。 环境公益诉讼中原告资格的拓展存在着深刻的理论依据，其所体现的伦理价值观是“以 人为本”的价值观。英美法系国家，他们信奉权利与救济不可分离的信条，只要权利受 到损害就要启动救济程序。大陆法系国家的客观诉讼制度在原告资格方面的规定很宽 松，只要其现行成文法规定能够适应环境保护的时代需要，环境问题就能够通过法律途 径较好的得到解决。两大法系的很多国家虽然在称谓方式上有所不同，但都已经建立环 境（行政）公益诉讼制度，它们在制度建设和司法实践上均走在了时代的前列。我国现 行立法对原告资格限制的过于严格，不利于环境公益诉讼的提起。因此，我国应在现有 法制基础上批判性借鉴两大法系的优良成果，设计科学、合理的原告资格类型。环境公 益诉讼原告资格的类型拓展，是扩展社会主体环境公共利益保障空间的现实要求。为公 益而诉是一种高尚的事，国家的诉讼制度应该支持各种主体充当公益诉讼的起诉主体。 为了维护公益，国家应该鼓励更多的主体为公益而诉。所以，公益诉讼起诉主体的范围 应该是广泛的。个人、社会团体（组织）、环境行政机关、检察机关都可以担当公益诉 讼的起诉主体。 关键词：原告资格，传统法，环境公益诉讼，以人为本 重庆大学硕士学位论文英文摘要 重庆大学硕士学位论文 英文摘要 II II ABSTRACT Traditionally, the plaintiff qualification requires that the plaintiff must have independent and exclusive relation with the subject of litigation, especially in P. R. China because the design of action framework is deeply impacted by the traditional law which is different with the spirit of modern constitutionality. The particularity of environmental issues and environmental public interest prosecution needs us changing the restriction of plaintiff qualification and establishing environmental public interest litigation institution. Expanding plaintiff qualification in environmental public interest litigation has profound theoretical basis which reflects the people-oriented value. Common law countries, they believe that rights and remedies are inalienable, as long as the rights are prejudiced, we must start the relief program. Civil law countries, the objective lawsuit system in the plaintiff qualification is very relaxed, as long as its present statutes requirements to meet the environmental needs of the times, the environmental problems can be resolved better through legal channels. Although many of the important countries of two legal systems in the different title, they have set up the environment (Administration) public interest litigation system, which in institutional dev