八年制英文讲义-新生儿硬肿症.ppt

Incubator Open radiant warmer bed Prevention ● Neonatal care: warm environment, enough clothes ● Encourage early breast feeding ● Prevent high risk factors: premature, infection, asphyxia * Barriers to Heat Loss The first golden hour Conclusion and Review ● How to diagnose neonatal sepsis? ● Which marker can indicate neonatal infection? ● How many factors can cause NCIS? ● Which complication is caused by NCIS? ● State the clinic S/S and degrees of NCIS. Neonatal Cold Injury Syndrome (sclerema neonatorum) Objectives What will I learn? Etiologies and pathophysiology Symptoms Diagnosis Treatment Definition ● mainly caused by cold stress ● the clinical features are -low body temperature -scleredema ● serious one may appear multiple organ dysfunction Scleredema(硬肿） --- hardening of the skin and subcutaneous tissue Etiology and pathophysiology Characteristics of temperature regulation and subcutaneous fatty composition in newborn ● immaturity of temperature regulation center ● relative large surface area and rich blood flow cause poor thermal insulation ● limited storage of energy, heat production mainly by brown fatty metabolism, lacking shivery thermogenesis ● more quantity of saturated fatty acid with higher melting point Imbalance between heat production and loss Distribution of neonatal brown fat Cold injury ● Cold environment increase heat loss, low body temperature causes constriction of peripheral blood vessels, dysfunction of microcirculation ● Low body temperature and cold environment cause anoxia, metabolic disturbance and acidosis even multiple organ dysfunction (MOD) Etiology and pathophysiology Other Factors ● severe infection ● premature ● asphyxia, ICH, ● erythroblastosis Etiology and pathophysiology Imbalance between heat production and loss Heat production cold √ asph