ConsensusofADHDTreatmentGuideline注意力缺陷过动症的治疗.pptVIP

當孩子亂發脾氣時 隔離冷靜 找出原因 避免刺激源 教導發洩情緒的替代行為 學校的行為治療 提供適當的教室環境及課業要求 找出特定的問題及與其相關的情境 找出正確及問題行為背後之正、負向結果及發生情境 老師們可引用結合正向增強物和“反應-代價”之代幣制度 * 行為治療的優點及弱點 優點:短期內改善目標行為、社交技巧、甚至是課業表現。 弱點:不易維持長時間的治療效果，及不易類化至其他的生活情境中。 * 兒童認知行為治療 一般需在兒童已有「自我指導能力」（self instruction）（一般為七歲後）才可以使用。兒童認知行為治療在有動機的兒童使用起來效果才會好。 教導兒童自我指導方法的七個步驟 停！ 想一想問題是甚麼？ 要怎麼辦？ 有甚麼好方法？ 那個方法最好？ 將好方法去做做看！ 好方法有用嗎？ 將自我指導步驟經由反覆學習而內化成習慣性行為 將自我指導步驟使用在社交情境中 * * ? 謝謝您的聆聽 * * * * The main source of information come from parents, teachers and children themselves. The clinical diagnosis of ADHD is based on parent and child interviews, observation of child’s behavior in office setting, information from school, and parent and teacher reports on symptoms checklists. Among them, the parental interview is the core of the assessment process. There are several symptom checklists for parents and teachers. Among them, parent-reported Child Behavior Checklist, the Teacher’s Report Form of CBCL and the Conners Parent and Teacher Rating Scales have been used most frequently. In general, the diagnostic interview scales are not used in clinical setting but in research setting. These included semi-structured and structured interview scales. The one we used in this study is the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for school-age children-epidemiological version (K-SADS-E), which is a semistructured interview scale. Studies have shown a low parent-teacher agreement on reporting ADHD symptoms and emphasize the importance of teacher report on making ADHD diagnosis.They also show that low parent-child agreement on reporting emotional and behavioral symptoms in general and most findings indicate parental reports are superior to child reports on externalizing problems. (Although there has been no study specifically examining the parent-chi