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Transimpedance amplifier From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Fig. 1. Simplified transimpedance amplifier In? \o Electronics electronics, a? \o Transimpedance transimpedance?amplifier?(TIA) is a current-to-voltage converter, most often implemented using an? \o Operational amplifier operational amplifier. The TIA can be used to amplify [1]?the current output of? \o Geiger–Müller tube Geiger–Müller tubes, photo multiplier tubes,? \o Accelerometers accelerometers, photo detectors and other types of sensors to a usable voltage. Current-to-voltage converters are used with sensors that have a current response that is more linear than the voltage response. This is the case with? \o Photodiode photodiodes?where it is not uncommon for the current response to have better than 1% linearity over a wide range of light input. The transimpedance amplifier presents a low impedance to the photodiode and isolates it from the output voltage of the operational amplifier. In its simplest form a transimpedance amplifier has just a large valued feedback resistor, Rf. The gain of the amplifer is set by this resistor and because the amplifier is in an inverting configuration, has a value of ?Rf. There are several different configurations of transimpedance amplifiers, each suited to a particular application. The one factor they all have in common is the requirement to convert the low-level current of a sensor to a voltage. The gain, bandwidth, as well as current and voltage offsets change with different types of sensors, requiring different configurations of transimpedance amplifiers. In the circuit shown in Fig. 1 the photodiode is connected between ground and the inverting input of the op-amp. The other input of the op-amp is also connected to ground. This provides a low impedance load for the photodiode, which keeps the photodiode voltage low. The photodiode is operating in photovoltaic mode with no external bias. The high gain of the opamp keeps the photodiode current equal to th