侵权法上的惩罚性赔偿分析.pdfVIP

内容摘要 在人类社会的早期，惩罚性赔偿的适用曾经相当广泛，而现代意义的惩罚性赔偿也 有两百余年的历史。两百多年来，围绕惩罚性赔偿的争议一直不断，尤其以大陆法系和 英美法系截然不同的态度最具有代表性。在大陆法系中，惩罚性赔偿虽然仍然在部分领 域适用，但是却越发地暗淡无光；而在英美法系中，惩罚性赔偿却一直熠熠生辉。对于 我国而言，到底应该对惩罚性赔偿采取什么样的态度，学者们一直众说纷纭。尽管惩罚 性赔偿存在于合同、侵权等领域，但本文仅围绕侵权法而展开。 本文除引言外，共分三个部分，全文共2 万余字。 第一部分 侵权惩罚性赔偿的概念与沿革。在这一部分中，笔者介绍了惩罚性赔偿 的称谓、惩罚性赔偿的定义、惩罚性赔偿的特点以及与精神损害赔偿的区别。同时，笔 者还介绍了惩罚性赔偿在英国和美国的发展历程。 第二部分 侵权惩罚性赔偿的正当性。在这部分中，笔者在分析支持和反对惩罚性 赔偿的观点的基础上，提出了自己的观点。笔者认为，预防侵权是侵权法的重要功能， 在特定的情形下甚至可以作为侵权法的首要功能，而惩罚性赔偿正好能够实现这一功 能；与此同时，只要运用得当，惩罚性赔偿的弊端是可以在一定程度上得以避免的。 第三部分 我国侵权惩罚性赔偿的评述及完善。在这部分中，笔者分析了我国侵权 惩罚性赔偿制度立法及司法的现状，主张应适当扩大侵权惩罚性赔偿制度的适用范围， 宜进一步明确侵权惩罚性赔偿制度的适用条件，并逐步细化侵权惩罚性赔偿的赔偿标 准。 关键词：惩罚性赔偿；侵权法；补偿性 Abstract Punitive damages was applied broadly in the early time, and it has been more than two hundred years in modern time. Punitive damages has made a huge controversy, especially it is extremely different attitude between continental law system and Anglo-American law system. In continental law system, punitive damages is applying to some cases, but its influence and function has been decreased largely; in contrast, its application has been increased largely in Anglo-American law system. In China, how to handle with punitive damages is still a problem among scholars. Punitive damages exists in the field of contract and tort, however, the dissertation discusses in the view of tort law. This dissertation is more than 20,000 that including three patrs except preface. The fist part is “the concept and history of punitive damages”. In this part, the dissertation introduces the name of punitive damages, the definition of punitive damages, the character of punitive damages and its difference with compensation for mental injury. At the same time, the dissertation retraces the history of punitive damages in U.K and U.S.A. T