孔子-孟子的英文PPT.ppt

1.“天将降大任于斯人也，必先苦其心志，劳其筋骨，饿其体肤，空乏其身，行拂乱其所为，所以动心忍性，增益其所不能。” —— 孟子（《孟子·告子下》） Thus, when Heaven is about to confer a great office on any man, it first exercises his mind with suffering, and his sinews and bones with toil. It exposes his body to hunger, and subjects him to extreme poverty. It confounds his undertakings. By all these methods it stimulates his minds, hardens his nature, and supplies his incompentencies. 2.结交一个人等于结识他的美德。---孟子 Friendship with a man is friendship with his virtue. ----Mencius 3.鱼我所欲也，熊掌亦我所欲也，二者不可兼得，舍鱼而求熊掌者也 You can’t have your cake and eat it too. 4.生于忧患，死于安乐 Life springs from sorrow and calamity, and death from ease and pleasure. 5.不规矩无以成方圆 Nothing can be accomplished without norms or standards 6.人有不为也,而后可以有为 Men must decide what they will not do, and then they are able to act with vigor in what they ought to do. The benevolent have no enemy. 7.仁者无敌 8.老吾老以及人之老，幼吾幼以及人之幼 Expend the respect of the aged in ones family to that of other families; expend the love of the young ones in ones family to that of other families 9.天时不如地利，地利不如人和 Opportunities vouchsafed by heaven are less important than terrestrial advantages, which in turn are less important than the unity among people The people are the most highly valued, next come the gods of the land and grain, the sovereign is light. 10.民为贵,社稷次之,君为轻。 Thank you During the Spring and Autumn and the Warring States periods,there was a great upsurge of Intellectual activity,producing many famous philosophers,such as Lao Zi,Confucius,Mencius and Mo Zi,and the well-known military strategist Sun Wu. 春秋战国最著名的四个：儒墨道法 一、儒家： 代表人物：孔子、孟子、荀子。作品：《论语》、《孟子》、《荀子》 二、道家：代表人物：老子、庄子、列子。作品：《道德经》、《庄子》、《列子》 三、墨家：代表人物：墨子。作品：《墨子》 四、法家：代表人物：韩非、李斯、商鞅。作品：《韩非子》 Lao Zi Laozi was a philosopher of ancient China and is a central figure in Taoism.Laozi literally means Old Master and is generally considered an honorific. The focus of Taoism is on the individual within the natural realm rather than the individu