应用型大学英语视听说教程5 高等教育公共英语类 徐平 教师用书unit 8 Development of Words.docVIP

视听说第五册教师用书 Unit 8 Development of Words Part One Lead-in Part One Lead-in Background knowledge In language, a word is the smallest free form that may be uttered in isolation with literal or practical meaning). A complex word will typically include a root and one or more affixes (rock-s, red-ness, quick-ly, run-ning, un-expect-ed), or more than one root in a compound (black-board, rat-race). Words can be put together to build larger elements of language, such as phrases (a red rock), clauses (I threw a rock), and sentences (he threw one too but he missed). The term word may refer to a spoken word or to a written word, or sometimes to the abstract concept behind either. Spoken words are made up of units of sound called phonemes, and written words of symbols called graphemes, such as the letters of English. Teaching tips: Teaching tips: Teachers are expected to make the students understand what a word is in language. Activity 1 Listening Directions: Listen to the conversation and answer the following questions according to what you hear. Tapescript: How did words come into being? M: Have you ever thought about how words came into being? W: Nah, maybe, it is unknown. But the most popular assumption is that some early men invented certain sounds, in one way or another, to express thoughts and feelings, to express actions and things. M: And then they could talk with each other. W: Yes. And later, they agreed upon certain signs, we called letters, which could be put together to show those sounds, and which could be written down. M: So, you mean, those sounds, whether spoken or written in letters, are called words. W: That’s right. But the power of words lies in their associations, I mean, the things they bring up to our minds. M: Well, how did words become filled with meaning for us? W: Words become filled with meaning for us by experience. The longer we live, the more certain words bring back to us the happy and sad events of our past; and the more we read