省略句祈使句.docVIP

PAGE PAGE 1 特殊句式 省略句 在英语中，有时为了避免结构上或内容上的重复，并使上下文紧密连接；有时因为语法的客观要求，句子中的一个或几个成分不需要表达出来，这种现象称为省略。 一、简单句中的省略 1. 省略主语。 Havent seen you for ages! 2．省略谓语。 Anything you want? 3. 省略宾语。 —Where is he? —I dont know. 二、 并列句中的省略 在并列句中，如果后面的分句，与前面的分句有相同的部分，这一部分则常被省略掉，以免重复。 He teaches English and his brother maths. 三、复合句中的省略 1. 在含有状语从句的复合句中 ，当从句和主句的主语一致或从句的主语为it且从句中有be动词时，可以省略从句中的主语和be动词。 When (she was) asked, she didnt answer a word. As (he was) a young man, he studied law and became a lawyer. If (it is) so, you must go back and get it. 【疑难点击】 当先行词是time, reason, place等时，作状语的关系副词when, where, why等也可以省略。 The reason (why) he did that is quite clear. 3. 名词性从句中的省略 (1)宾语从句中的第一个that可省略。 He said he had arrived here two days before and that he had lived in a hotel. (2)宾语从句中Im afraid, I think, I believe, I hope, I guess等作答语，后面so与not分别等于肯定和否定，宾语从句可省略。 — Do you think it will rain? — I hope not/so. 四、动词不定式中的省略 1．有些动词，如：believe, find, think, feel, consider, imagine, prove等后作宾补的结构to be ... 中的to be可以省略。　 I consider him (to be) stupid. 2. 动词不定式在like, love, care, want, hope, wish, expect, prefer, refuse, decide, mean, intend, try, promise 等动词后作宾语时，为了避免重复，常省略不定式后的内容，但要保留to。 — Did you get a ticket? — No, I meant to (get one), but there werent any left. 3．动词不定式与 be able to, be going to, have to, ought to, used to等构成固定词组时，不定式结构常可省略，但要保留to。 I dont want to wait for him, but I have to. He doesnt like fish, but he used to. — Why didnt you come to our party? — I was going to, but l had a report to write. 4.动词不定式在 ask, warn, tell, advise, force, wish, expect, allow, permit, invite, persuade, order, would like, forbid等动词后作宾语补足语或主语补足语时，常可省略。 The students want to enter the lab, but the monitor advises them not to (enter the lab). 【注意】承前省略的动词不定式如果有助动词have或be, 则要保留be或have, 如： —Are you a doctor? —No, but I used to be. 五、某些词法上的省略 1. 名词所有格 (1)如果名词所有格修饰的名词在前文已出现，则可以省略。 These are Johns books and those are Marys. 祈使句 祈使句+and+陈述句=if +…+主句 Work hard and you will succeed.=If you work hard, you