多不饱和脂肪酸对大脑功能影响研究进展.PDF

284 2015, Vol.36, No.21 食品科学 ※专题论述 多不饱和脂肪酸对大脑功能影响研究进展 刘志国，王丽梅，王华林，刘烈炬* （武汉轻工大学生物与制药工程学院，湖北武汉 430023 ） 摘  要：多不饱和脂肪酸（polysaturated fatty acid ，PUFA ）是一类重要的脂肪酸族营养素，广泛参与细胞代谢和 细胞膜脂的构成。在脑组织中，PUFA含量丰富，对促进大脑发育、增强学习记忆能力有重要作用，因而广受关 注。本文综述PUFA 的膳食来源及其与脑组织中磷脂构成的关系，以及PUFA参与大脑发育、影响大脑功能的作用 ω ω 机制，为确定膳食中 -6/ -3 PUFA 的合理配比，科学添加源于深海鱼油和水藻的二十碳五烯酸（eicosapentaenoic ω acid，EPA ）、二十二碳六烯酸（docosahexaenoic acid ，DHA ）或相关替代品，改善我国居民膳食中 -3 PUFA 的摄 入不足，维持大脑健康功能提供理论依据。 关键词：多不饱和脂肪酸；磷脂；大脑发育；大脑功能 Recent Advances in Undersanding the Effects of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Brain Function * LIU Zhiguo, WANG Limei, WANG Hualin, LIU Lieju (School of Biology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China) Abstract: Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are a group of important nutritional fatty acids which are involved in cell metabolism and plasma membrane constitution. PUFAs have attracted tremendous attention as an abundant component of brain tissue which plays a crucial role in brain development and improvement of learning and memory abilities. Herein, we summarize the relationship between dietary sources of PUFAs and brain phospholipid composition. Furthermore, the mechanisms of PUFAs on brain development and function are reviewed, which will provide a theoretical basis for the modification of dietary ω-6/ω-3 PUFA ratio in China via adding docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) or related substitutes from deep-sea fish oil and algae. Key words: polyunsaturated fatty acid; phospholipid; brain developm