隧道中入口风速的对流效应对扩散的影响.doc

隧道中入口風速的對流效應對擴散的影響 The study of the influence of convection on diffusion induced by the inlet wind velocity in a tunnel 研究生：吳幸男 Hsing-Nan Wu 指導教授：李嘉塗博士 Jiatu Lee 【摘要】 咸認為對流與擴散有相關性。本研究想要找出當對流需要多大，才能夠影響污染物的擴散。 本研究使用了兩種方法來驗證我們所建立的模型，一為自行開發的程式，另一則為使用商業套裝軟體求解並驗證。此二種方法的基礎均在擴散方程式的解析解，順便藉以比較哪一種方法較符合模式解。研究發現，使用套裝軟體解較自行開發來的精確。兩種解在不同的時間大約差五倍。 此外，風速若維持在0.02 m/s以下，則不會對擴散造成影響；倘若風速大於此臨界風速，則影響則越來越明顯；風速若大於0.05 m/s，對流所造成的影響則更加顯著。藉由第五章所定義的皮勒數，並將上述的數據算出發現，當皮勒數大於1.05時則開始影響擴散。 在波動風速(pulsating inlet flow)方面，本研究使用了UDFs(User Defined Functions)來控制波動風速的頻率，發現當頻率加快時，且風速夠大時也會對擴散情形造成影響，且擴散雲團也會隨風速頻率而有所改變。 最後，利用UDF尚可作在計算流體力學中彈性地控制各參數，因此在未來可能的方向則是進行移動網格的討論。 關鍵字：CFD、隧道、污染物擴散、有限體積法、數值積分 【Abstract】 It is generally believed that the diffusion may have something to do with convection. Or simply put, they are correlated. In our study we’d like to demonstrate that only when the convection becomes dominant and outperforms the diffusion will the diffusion effect be influenced by convection. To begin with, our research adopts two numerical schemes to verify the fitness of the modeling. We use two methods for fear that either would fail to measure up to our expectation. The results show that the software package scheme is superior to self-developed approach by five fold. Our research has found that diffusion phenomenon remains the same as the inlet wind velocity is less than 0.02 m/sec. As the value exceeds this critical velocity, we realize that the diffusion will start to be influenced by the convection. The stronger the wind becomes, the more the effect shows. And if the inlet velocity is assumed to be greater than 0.05, convection force will be more significant. Considering Pe as defined in 5.4.2, we find that when Pe is greater than 1.05 (or simply rounded off ), convection starts to become conducive to the diffusion. Pulsating inlet flow will not have a strong impact unless the frequency which the flow pulsates becomes more frequent. According to our research, the frequency pulsates once every 5 a