资源与环境管理学术研讨会.doc

從持久性有機污染物談環境污染 Persistent Organic Pollutants and Environmental Pollution Issues 李美慧 台灣大學地理環境資源學系 摘要 持久性有機污染物(Persistent Organic Pollutants; POPs)主要是指在環境中不易分解、長期性存在於環境中或累積於生物體內的有機污染物質，並可造成對環境生態影響及人體危害。最近幾年不論是全球性的國際組織、學術研究單位、政府管理機構及一般大眾都非常關切在環境中的持久性有機污染物對人體健康及環境生態之影響。值得注意，這些持久性有機污染物可透過干擾內分泌系統而對人體健康及野生動物產生不良影響之現象。回顧現有文獻資料可發現不論外來或人造化學物質會對不同的內分泌系統產生干擾，目前已知的內分泌干擾物質是以影響受性激素及甲狀腺荷爾蒙控制的器官及改變功能為主。其中又以具雌性激素特性的內分泌干擾物質所累積研究資料最多。本文主要是討論近來國際學術界對於持久性有機污染物或是內分泌干擾物質的研究結果，對持久性有機污染物做一完整介紹。 關鍵字：持久性有機污染物、內分泌干擾物質、環境污染、人體健康、環境生態 Abstract Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are organic chemical compounds that don’t degrade readily, persist in the environment or bioaccumulate in fatty tissues of living organisms, and pose adverse impacts on the environment and human health. Indeed, the effects of POPs in public health and the environment have caused a growing concern among the public, academic researchers, government agents, and international organizations. Especially, all 12 targeted POPs have been recently identified as “endocrine disruptors,” chemicals that can interfere with the body’s endocrine system and possibly produce adverse effects on human and wildlife. Based on available science evidence, most endocrine disruptors mainly affect reproductive and thyroid hormone systems and alter their functions. In particular, there is an increasing evidence in chemicals that can act as exogenous estrogens in different organisms. This paper will discuss the current problems and status of POPs, the toxicity and potential impacts on human and wildlife health by endocrine disruptors, as well as what have we learn from POPs in regards to environment pollution problems. KeyWord: Persistent organic pollutants, Endocrine disruptors, Environmental pollution, Human health, Environmental ecology ; 一、前言 最近幾年不論在全球性的國際組織、學術研究單位、政府管理機構及一般大眾都非常關切在環境中的持久性有機污染物(Persistent Organic Pollutants; POPs)對人體健康及環境生態之影響。尤其是這些持久性有機污染物可能透過干擾內分泌系統而對人體健康及野生動物產生不良影響之現象。回顧現有文獻資料可發現不論外來或人造化學物質都會對不同的內分泌系統產生干擾，已知的內分泌干擾物質是以影響受