数据与计算机通信15.pptVIP

15.1 LAN Applications (1) Personal computer LANs Low cost Limited data rate Back end networks Interconnecting large systems (mainframes and large storage devices) High data rate High speed interface Distributed access Limited distance Limited number of devices LAN Applications (2) Storage Area Networks Separate network handling storage needs Detaches storage tasks from specific servers Shared storage facility across high-speed network Hard disks, tape libraries, CD arrays Improved client-server storage access Direct storage to storage communication for backup High speed office networks Desktop image processing High capacity local storage Backbone LANs Interconnect low speed local LANs Reliability Capacity Cost Storage Area Networks 后端网络与存储区域网 (1) 大系统的互联 大型机（Mainframes） 巨型机（Supercomputers） 海量存储设备（Mass storage devices） 主要需求 小范围内有限数量的设备之间的批量数据传送 典型特征 高数据率 高速接口 分布式接入 有限距离 有限设备数量 后端网络与存储区域网 (2) SAN – 网络存储设备 硬盘 磁带库 CD阵列 15.2 Topologies and Transmission medium Key elements of a LAN are Topologies Transmission medium Layout Medium access control 15.2.1 Topologies Tree Bus Special case of tree One trunk, no branches Ring Star LAN Topologies Bus and Tree Topology Multipoint medium Transmission propagates throughout medium Heard by all stations Need to identify target station Each station has unique address Full duplex connection between station and tap Allows for transmission and reception Need to regulate transmission需要规定传输 To avoid collisions避免信号冲突 To avoid hogging(扰乱)避免信号混淆 Data in small blocks - frames Terminator absorbs frames at end of medium Frame Transmissionon Bus LAN Ring Topology Repeaters joined by point to point links in closed loop Receive data on one link and retransmit on another Links unidirectional Stations attach to repeaters Data in frames Circulate past all stations Destination recognizes address and copies frame Frame circulates back to source where it is removed Media access control determines when station can insert frame Frame TransmissionRi