流动方向与alpha2垂直流动方向均为线性热膨胀系数.ppt

Lesson 4.材料的選擇對於產品功能的影響 材料的特性 材料溫度性質的影響 材料機械性質的影響 添加纖維對材料的影響 非結晶性材料 VS.半結晶性材料 當塑膠分子鏈發生整齊排列，形成類似“結晶”狀時，稱為結晶化 材料結晶性越高，表示越容易收縮 非結晶性材料的PVT特性 半結晶性材料的PVT特性 溫度性質的影響 Alpha1 (流動方向) 與 alpha2 (垂直流動方向) 均為線性熱膨脹係數 (LTEC) 以線性描述塑膠在溫度改變時的尺寸變化 Alpha1 與 Alpha2 的數值不同造成產品的翹曲變形 半結晶性材料尤其明顯 機械性質的影響 彈性模數 E1 and E2 分別代表流動方向與垂直流動方向的彈性模數值 E值越高，或是E1與E2值相差越小，產品越不容易收縮，也越不容易翹曲變形 非結晶性材料的E1及E2值有時相差達數倍 添加的材料在E1及E2值的差異越大，產品也越容易翹曲變形 添加纖維對於翹曲變形的影響 Increasing Pressure Temperature Specific Volume p - pressure v - specific volume T - temperature B A n D B A n D Temperature Specific Volume Crystallization Phase alpha2 (mm/C) alpha1 (mm/C) E1 E2 纖維可增加沖擊強度（Impact Strength） 但是添加纖維可能會造成產品翹曲變形 The pvT curves for a semi-crystalline resin are quite different than for an amorphous resin. Semi-crystalline resins have a different molecular chain structure in the solid state than in the molten state. In the molten state they are much like amorphous materials with the “spaghetti-like” entanglements. However, in the solid state they are packed into very tight crystal shaped areas (thus, the name crystalline). However, they are not completely crystalline in the solid state since there are still regions of amorphous, random structure. Therefore, they are called semi-crystalline resins. Something very radical happens at the transition temperature for a semi-crystalline resin. It suddenly goes from an amorphous structure to a tightly packed crystalline structure. For this reason you can see that the pvT curves have a sudden drop off at the transition temperature. This rapid crystallization as the plastic freezes is the primary reason why semi-crystalline resins shrink more than amorphous resins. The degree of crystallization is also dependent on the cooling rate of the plastic so it is somewhat difficult to capture the full affect of crystallization on part shrinkage. Shrinkage is a system property. The system is characterized by a set of material data called “pvT” (pressure, specific volume, temperature).