泌尿系统生理Urinary System课件.ppt

Thin segment and straight segment of distal tubule Distal tubule location: medullay ray and renal pyramids LM: simple cuboidal Epi; clear cell boundary; pale cytoplasm; nuclei near lumen; without brush border; have longitudinal striation EM: a few microvilli; many membrane invagination; many mitochondria; abundant Na+-K+ATPase Function: reabsorb Na+ and water; excrete K+; secrete NH3 Distal straight tubules and collecting tubules Convoluted segments of proximal and distal tubule Collecting tubules: location: medullary ray and renal pyramids components: arched collecting tubules; straight collecting tubules; papillary ducts simple cuboidal Epi simple columnar Epi., papillary ducts line tall columnar Epi; pale staining; distinct borders; rare microvilli and Mi. function: similar to that of distal convoluted tubules Straight segment of distal tubule and collecting tubule Juxtaglomerular apparatus: located in a triangle area at the vascular pole of the renal corpuscles consist of juxtaglomerular cells, macular densa and extraglomerular mesangial (polar cushion) cells function: control water and electrolyte balance; regulate blood pressure; produce erythropoietin Juxtaglom-erular apparatus Juxtaglomerular cells smooth muscle cells of the afferent arteriole transform into the epithelial cells cytoplasm: a few myofibrils; PAS-positive granules contained renin; abundant RER, ribosomes and well developed Golgi apparatus; function: secrete renin and erythropoietin Juxtaglomerular cell Macular densa transformed from the cells of distal tubule which near the vascular pole of the renal corpuscle the cells become taller and narrow, arranged compactly; pale cytoplasm; nuclei loca