Particle Flow Code PFC2D3D Basic Training Courseitasca相关软件flac－flac3d－pfc－udec等培训资料.pptVIP

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * */12 */12 */12 */12 */12 */12 */12 */12 */12 */12 */12 */12 */12 */12 */12 */12 */12 * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Direct and Indirect Modeling Approaches Most indirect modeling approaches idealize the material as a continuum utilize average measures of material degradation in constitutive relations to represent irreversible micro-structural damages relations between model properties and material property known properties not affected by discretization Direct modeling approaches idealize the material as a collection of structural units (springs, beams, etc.) or separate particles bonded together at their contact point utilize the breakage of individual structural units or bonds to represent damage calibrate macro-properties so that the behavior of the resulting synthetic material resembles that of an intended physical material Direct approaches have been used to help develop the constitutive relations required by indirect methods to solve boundary-value problems Increases in computing power have made it feasible to model entire boundary-value problems with direct approaches, thereby simulating the physical micro- mechanisms directly Micro-Property Calibration Unbonded contact model -Deformation -Micro-property specification Micro-Property Calibration Contact-bond model Area and moment of inertia -Strength Contact Young’s modulus -Deformation -Micro-property specification Micro-Property Calibration Parallel-bond model Area and moment of inertia -Strength -Deformation -Micro-property specification Direct one-to-one correspondence between parallel-bond strengths and material strengths. Micro-Property Calibration Calibrate elastic properties, peak strength and crack initiation stress FishTank FishTank Specimen Genesis The material-genesis procedure produces a synthetic material consisting of grains (either circular/spherical particles and/or clumps) and cement (contact and/or parallel