2018年高考英语一轮复习 语法专项 三、形容词和副词讲义 外研版.pptVIP

三、形容词和副词 ;考点1 形容词和副词的词形变化 1. 形容词后缀 (1)-able: ①v. +able: reliable, eatable, enjoyable, movable等。 ②n. +able: valuable, reasonable, knowledgeable等。 (2)-ible: terrible, horrible, invisible, possible等。;(3)-al: international, mental, medical, natural, general等。 (4)-ant或-ent: instant, distant, constant, important, patient, different, absent等。 (5)-ed或-ing: interested, interesting, pleased, pleasing等。 (6)-en: wooden, golden, spoken, written, mistaken等。;(7)-ern: eastern, southern, western, northern等。 (8)-ful: ①n. +ful: colorful, beautiful, helpful, powerful等。 ②v. +ful: forgetful, careful等。 (9)-less: fearless, harmless, useless, helpless等。 (10)-ly: friendly, lovely, daily, weekly等。;(11)n. /v. +(i)ous: curious, dangerous, various, anxious等。 (12)-some: handsome, troublesome, tiresome等。 (13)n. +-y: funny, lucky, snowy, rainy, dusty等。;2. 形容词前缀 (1)un-: unhappy, unfair, unimportant, uncomfortable, unnecessary等。 (2)im-: impossible, impolite, impatient等。 (3)in-: inactive, inconvenient, incorrect等。 (4)dis-: disabled, dishonest等。;(5)ir-: irregular, irresponsible等。 (6)il-: illegal等。;3. 副词后缀 一般都是adj. +-ly构成, 如simple→simply等。 【点津】注意以-e结尾的形容词变副词时有的去掉e, 有的不去e, 直接加-ly。例如: definite→definitely, true→truly。;【典例剖析】用所给词的适当形式填空 (2016·全国卷Ⅰ)The title will be______(official)given to me at a ceremony in London. ;解题关键: 此处表示(大使)这个头衔将在伦敦的一个仪式上正式授予给我, 根据句子结构可知, 应该使用副词作状语修饰动词given。 答案判定: officially;【高考题组】用所给词的适当形式填空/单句改错 1. (2016·全国卷Ⅲ)Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which _________(gradual) turned into chopsticks. 2. (2016·四川高考)Chinese scientists _______(recent) had a chance to study a wild female panda with a newborn baby. ;3. (2016·浙江高考)A sudden stop can be a very frightening experience, _________(especial) if you are travelling at high speed. 4. (2015·全国卷Ⅱ)Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat ______ (slow) during cool nights. ;5. (2015·全国卷Ⅱ)As _______(nature) architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly how thick the