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Application Report SBAA069A March 2001- Revised September 2002 GETTING THE FULL POTENTIAL FROM YOUR ADC By John Austin Many of today’s high-resolution ADCs (Analog-to-Digital The transfer equations are derived using basic circuit analy- Converters) are operating from a single supply and utilize sis and general op amp theory. See Appendix A for the fully differential inputs. This can be a problem for single- detailed derivation. ended signals that are bipolar relative to common. This article will illustrate circuit configurations that will preserve R2 = G the full-scale input range by utilizing modern features, such R1 (U1) as Programmable Gain Amplifiers (PGAs) and internal volt- R6 = G (1) age reference. It will also discuss issues that the designer R (U2) 5 must consider when selecting components utilizing these R V 1 3 BIAS signal-conditioning circuits.