外文翻译-绿色基础设施景观规划：整合人类与自然系统.doc

　　大 连 理 工 大 学 本 科 外 文 翻 译 　　绿色基础设施景观规划： 整合人类与自然系统Green Infrastructure for Landscape Planning: 　　Integrating human and natural systems 　　大连理工大学 　　Dalian University of Technology 　　绿色基础设施的案例研究 　　-1- 　　Chapter Twelve 　　Stockholm: green infrastructure case studyContext 　　The city and county of Stockholm demonstrate the planning and implementationof green infrastructure advocated in this book. The city is located approximatelyat latitude 59° N in southeast Sweden （Figure 12.1） within an astoundinglycomplex configuration of islands, coastline, freshwater lakes and saltwaterestuaries on the Baltic Sea （Figure 12.2）。 　　About half of the County of Stockholm is composed of primarily fertileconiferous forest, but deciduous forests also occur here. Forested land and theamount of protected forest is increasing in the county at the expense ofagriculture, but the rate of increase is insufficient to protect biologicaldiversity.1 Within the city there are eight natural areas, including nature andcultural reserves and an urban national park, with a total area of 5,680 acres（2,299 ha）。 Of this 828 acres （335 ha） is water and 4,855 acres （1,965 ha） island. 　　332 　　The built environment 　　Like many European cities, Stockholm was initially located to begeographically defensible. Constrained by the area of a small island in LakeM?laren, the city was compactly developed with multistory buildings, narrowstreets and little natural open space. As the city expanded, especially afterWorld War II, growth followed the road alignments. 　　Today, 872,000 people live in the Stockholm city area of 73 square miles（188 km2）。 Development within the city is compact since nearly 90 percent ofresidents live in multi-family buildings （Figure 12.3）。 The resulting populationdensity is 11,944 inhabitants per square mile （4,638 per km2）。 The region isincreasingly polycentric and growing with the addition of 20,000 people peryear.2 The population of the metropolitan area is now 2,050,000.3 The sectionsbelow consi