即扩展频谱通信SpreadSpectrumCommunication.ppt

Multiplexing Multiplexing in 4 dimensions space (si) time (t) frequency (f) code (c) Goal: multiple use of a shared medium Important: guard spaces needed! Frequency multiplex Separation of spectrum into smaller frequency bands Channel gets band of the spectrum for the whole time Advantages: no dynamic coordination needed works also for analog signals Disadvantages: waste of bandwidth if traffic distributed unevenly inflexible guard spaces Time multiplex Channel gets the whole spectrum for a certain amount of time Advantages: only one carrier in themedium at any time throughput high even for many users Disadvantages: precise synchronization necessary Time and frequency multiplex A channel gets a certain frequency band for a certain amount of time (e.g. GSM) Advantages: better protection against tapping protection against frequency selective interference higher data rates compared tocode multiplex Precise coordinationrequired Code multiplex Each channel has unique code All channels use same spectrum at same time Advantages: bandwidth efficient no coordination and synchronization good protection against interference Disadvantages: lower user data rates more complex signal regeneration Implemented using spread spectrum technology 主要特点 ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? 4、具有多址（SSMA）能力，易于实现码分多址（CDMA） 技术 5、可抗频率选择性衰落。 6、频谱利用率高，容量大（可有效利用纠错技术、正交波形编码技术、话音激活技术等）。 7、能精确地定时、测距与定位。 8、数模兼容，可开展多种通信业务 。 主要应用 ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????