句子成分讲解.pptxVIP

什么叫句子成分呢？句子的组成成分叫句子成分。在句子中，词与词之间有一定的组合关系，按照不同的关系，可以把句子分为不同的组成成分。句子成分由词或词组充当。英语的基本成分有七种：主语（subject）、谓语（predicate）、表语（predicative）、宾语（object）、定语（attribute）、状语(adverbial) 和补语（complement）。主语主语：主语是在句子中说明全句中心主题的部分．一般由名词，代词，不定式，动名词或从句充当．它的位置一般在句首．Amy works.My parents work. Smoking causes a lot of health problems.To finish the homework is easy for us. It is my honor to be your teacher. What we need is time.谓语谓语说明主语做什么，是什么，怎么样，由简单动词或复合动词构成．1. They are teachers.2. She looks well.3. He studies hard.4. He laughed at his classmates.5. He can speak English.简单谓语由一个动词或者动词短语构成．1. He practices running every morning.2. I have a dream.3. The plane took off at seven oclock. 4. She worked out this problem.复合谓语1: 情态动词/助动词+动词原形We could use this reference book to work out the problem precisely.2. They could accelerate the speed.3. We have identified the robber.4. Students don’t like doing homework.复合谓语2: 系动词+表语I am a teacher.She is happy.Everybody is here.They are at home now.My job is to teach English.Seeing is believing.其 它系动词状态：seem, appear, prove --- 感官：smell, feel, taste, sound, look ---变化：become, get, turn, go, come, grow --- 持续：remain, stay, keep, continue ---宾语宾语是谓语动作的承受者，由名词，代词，短语，不定式，动名词，从句充当．它和及物动词一起说明主语做了什么，在谓语之后．She plays the piano.He often helps me.I like watching TV.She likes to go to shop this afternoon.I think that he is good guy.起补充说明宾语干什么，怎么样的作用．它可以由名词，形容词，副词，介词短语，不定式，现在分词和过去分词充当．宾语补足语：位于宾语之后，对宾语作出说明的成分。宾语与其补足语有逻辑上的主谓关系，它们一起构成复合宾语。 Leave the door open.We found John out when we arrived.I saw him enter the hall. The boss keeps them working all day. I heard my name called.宾语补足语状语 状语修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句，说明方式、因果、条件、时间、地点、让步、方向、程度、目的等状语1. He did it carefully.2. Without his help, we couldn’t work it out.3. In order to catch up with my classmates, I must study hard.4. I was born on June 9th 1982 in Guangxi.5. I will tell him when he comes back.定语 定语是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子，汉语中常用‘……的’表示。 The black bike is mine. What’s your name? A broken vase. I have 5 books. A sleeping