新农村建设生态农业与环保农村.ppt

当代的农民合作社与大学生的支农The Peasants’ Cooperative Students Aid 乡村建设是由两个方面结合开展的。一是经过培训的农民；二是各地大学生的支农队伍。The empowerment of rural people by free training and “college students volunteer aid team” 农民合作社大会和乡村培训中的大学生：红帽子和红袖标。The symbol of students: red hat red strip around arm, which means serve the people… 下乡支农的学生艰苦奋斗Students’ volunteers work hard live simple 左上-夏日炎炎支农劳动左下-数九寒冬睡地铺 和农民打成一片为农民排忧解难For the peasants, by the peasants, with the peasants 左上-和农民学员一起做游戏 To be one of local participants, playing game together 左下-捐助翟城村白血病儿童 Respected by peasants 农民被大学生和志愿者感动流泪，潜在的骨干脱颖而出，成为乡村建设的主力.Peasants elites are deeply moved by volunteers 经验教训： Experience: 相信并依靠农民不是问题。如何发动农民才是问题。How to mobilize peasants? 开放的合作平台 左上—国际NGO在农村召开的乡村建设国际研讨会The 1st time of holding an international forum in a village. 右下--翟城村妇女参加“农家女”学校组织的培训 Females joined training for self organization 第一组农村生态建筑群：从建设生态厕所到生态住宅 Eco-construction by rural recycle materials 中国第一组农村生态建筑群 The 1st rural Eco-architectures built by local/recycled materials 办公室/礼堂（半地下温室大棚）/农宅 2005年夏季设计施工，已经开始在中原农村扩大试点 Multi Eco-Agriculture Animal Husbandry/toilet bio-gas/vegetables/fruit garden/fish pound 六位一体：猪圈/厕所/沼气池，菜地/果园/养鱼池 左上-高校建筑专业的学生志愿者参与生态建筑劳动left: domestic students joint the bio-construction 右下-香港大学生志愿者参与夏收 Right: overseas students joint the harvest 堆肥/畜力/土法治虫（烟叶、辣椒浸汁）Eco-fertilizer cultivate by animal 问题1：停止化学化农业必然低产，谁补贴？Problem: Alternated to organic farming, reduced product. Who pay subsidy? 问题2：农业劳动力平均收入低于非农收入5倍以上，造成劳动力影子价格影响——外出打工回来的农村青年劳动力即使过剩也难以再投入农业，难以替代化肥农药等，导致农业成本持续上涨。 Non agriculture labor income is at least 5 times than agriculture, made a shadow price of rural labor, which reduce surplus labor invest for organic farming. 新农村建设成果：合作社与有机农业 Outcomes of IRR: Cooperative Org. Farming 翟城村农民登记参加乡建学院发动的合作社。peasants joined the cooperative helped by IRR 志愿者创办的乡村建设学院的有机农业实验室。Volunteers working for the IRR Lab of org. farming  假如要农民组织起来自保自助、自我管理、自我服务，实现自治条件下的农村稳定，必须得改的是政府这一头。 Local government reconstruction m