宏观经济学-曼昆-一国收入的衡量.pptVIP

* The “net” in “net exports” refers to the fact that we are subtracting imports from exports. This subtraction is important, because imports are also counted in the other components of GDP; failing to subtract them would cause GDP to measure not just the value of goods produced domestically, but also goods produced abroad and imported. For example, if a consumer spends $100 on a DVD player imported from Japan, that $100 counts in “consumption,” even though the player was not produced domestically. We subtract off that $100 import so that GDP ends up including the value of only domestically-produced goods and services. * This data is slightly different than that shown in Table 1 in this chapter of the textbook. The data on this slide was obtained after the BEA had slightly revised its initial GDP figures. Source for data on GDP components: /national/index.htm Source for population data (used to calculate the per capita figures): /fred2/categories/104, series “POP”, value for July 1, 2007, Source: U.S. Department of Commerce: Census Bureau, Suggestion: Show these questions, and give your students 1-3 minutes to formulate their answers. When you are ready to discuss the answers, go to the next slide…. Suggestion (continued from previous slide): Show part A (but not the answer) and ask for someone to volunteer his or her response. Then show the answer to part A. Repeat for parts B, C, and D. (The answers to parts C and D appear on the following slide.) After showing the answer to part A, ask your students whether the answer would be different if Debbie were a government employee. The correct answer is NO. Government employees engage in consumption, just like everyone else. Regarding part C: Jane’s purchase causes investment (for her own business) to increase by $1200. However, the computer is sold out of inventory, so inventory investment falls by $1200. The two transactions cancel each other, leaving aggregate investment and GDP un