虚拟语气在if条件状语从句中的用法.pptVIP

虚拟语气在if条件状语从句中的用法 LET US LEA RN IT 表示对现在情况的虚拟 从句：If+主语+过去式(be动词用were) 主句：主语+ should/would/might/could+动词原形： 1．If I were you,I would take an umbrella. 如果我是你，我会带把伞。（事实：我不可能是你） 2．If I knew his telephone number,I would tell you. 如果我知道他的电话号码，我就会告诉你。（事实：不知道） 3．If there were no air or water,there would be no living things on the earth. 如果没有水和空气，地球上就不会有生物。(事实：地球上既有空气也有水) 4．If I had any money with me,I could lend you some. 如果我带钱了，我就会借给你些。（事实：没有带钱） 5．If he studied harder,he might pass the exam. 如果他再努力些，就能通过考试了。（事实：没有努力） 表示对将来情况的虚拟 从句：①if+主语+were to do ②if+主语+should+do ③if+主语+过去式（be动词用were） 主句：主语+should/would/might/could+动词原形 1．If he should come here tomorrow,I would talk to him. 如果他明天来这儿的话，我就跟他谈谈。（事实：来的可能性很小，不可能） 2．If there were a heavy snow next Sunday,we would not go skating. 如果下周日下大雪，我们就不能去滑冰了。（事实：下雪可能性很小，不可能） 3．If she were to be here next Monday,I would tell her about the matter. 如果她下周一来这儿的话，我就会告诉她这件事的始末。（事实：来的可能性很小，不可能） 表示对过去情况的虚拟 从句：If+主语+过去完成时 主句：主语+should/would/might/could+have done 1． If I had got there earlier,I should/would have met her. 如果我早到那儿，我就会见到她。 （事实：去晚了） 2．If he had taken my advice,he would not have made such a mistake. 如果他听我的劝告的话，就不会犯这样的错误了。 （事实：没有听我的话） 3. He wouldn’t have been fired if he had not spoken so rudely to the boss. 假如他不是那么粗鲁地跟老板说话，他就不会被解雇了。（事实：他已经被解雇） 错综条件句 虚拟条件句中，结果主句和条件从句的谓语动作若不是同时发生时，虚拟语气的形式应作相应的调整。这种条件句叫错综条件句。 ①从句的动作与过去事实相反，而主句的动作与现在或现在正在发生的事实不符。（假如过去。。。 现在就会。。。 过去和现在都是与实际不符的） eg： If I had worked hard at school,I would be an engineer,too. 如果我在学校学习刻苦的话，我现在也会成为一个工程师了 If they had informed us,we would not come here now. 如果他们通知过我们的话，我们现在就不会来这里了。 错综条件句 ②从句的动作与现在事实相反，而主句的动作与过去事实不符。（假如现在。。。 那过去就已经。。。） 如： If he were free today,we would have sent him to Beijing. 如果他今天有空的话，我们就已经派他去北京了。 If he knew her,he would have greeted her. 要是他认识她的话，他肯定会去问候她了。 倒装语序 当虚拟条件句的谓语动词含有were,should,had时，if可以省略，这时条件从句要用倒装语序，即把were,should,had等词置于句首，这种多用于书面语。eg： Should he agree to go there,we would send him there. 要是他答应去的话，我们就派