全国高等教育自学考试英语语法课本重点难点.docVIP

现代英语语法教材的重点与难点归纳 Chapter 1 The Structure of the English Sentence (第一章 绪 论) 本章节在2001-2008年的考试中只考过一次（列举至少5种构词法并举例说明） 一、 难点、重点 1. Present the grammatical units that form a hierarchical order. (指出构成层次结构的语法单位.) 2． Morphemes词素 (Terms: morpheme, morph, allomorph, free morpheme and bound morpheme) 什么是词素(morpheme)? 3.Finite clauses and infinite clauses (限定性分句与非限定性分句,定义参见下面的简答题部分) Finite Clauses (1)名词性分句： What he said was incredible. (2)关系分句 This is one of the best books I’ve ever read. (3)状语分句 If I were in your shoes, I wouldn’t quit. Non-finite clauses： (1) 非限定性名词性分句： She didn’t know what to say． (2)非限定性关系分句： The man standing by the window is her brother. (3) 非限定性状语分句： Published ten years ago，this is still the best dictionary． 二、重要概念 1. morpheme 2. Define the complex sentence The complex sentence is a sentence that contains more than one clause that are joined together by subordinating one to another．[复杂句是用从属连词(如if, when, though等)连接的一个以上分句的句子.] 三、典型考题 I.选择题 1. There are ( ) morphemes in “gunfighter”. A. two B. three C. four D. one 2. In “He downed his beer and punched me on the nose.” “downed” belongs to ( ) . (P13) A. backformation B. clipping C. conversion D. blending 3. Suffixes basically change ( ) . A. word meaning B. word class C. nothing D. word formation 4. The prefix “uni-” means ( ) . A. without B. self C. false D. One Key: 1. B 2. C 3. B 4. D II. 简答题 1. In terms of which three factors are words classified? The three factors are: the environment where words occur, their internal structure and their meaning. 2. Define the finite clauses and the non-finite clauses. The finite clauses are the ones that have subjects and finite verbs as predicates．The non-finite clauses are the ones that leave subjects unsaid and verbs in non-finite forms．(限定分句是主语加限定动词作谓语的分句。非限定分句是省略主语而动词以非限定形式出现(主语省略是因为其前面或后面已有主语。) Chapt