笼型感应电机转子断条故障引发电磁力波变化规律的研究.docVIP

 笼型感应电机转子断条故障引发电磁力波 变化规律的研究# 谢颖，王严* 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 （哈尔滨理工大学电气与电子工程学院，哈尔滨市 150080） 摘要：以一台 Y80-2 型笼型感应电机为例，分别建立了正常电机和转子断条电机的二维有限 元模型，并进行了瞬态磁场计算，得出了时空变化的气隙磁密波，并与实验测得的气隙磁密 值进行了比较。基于瞬态磁场计算出的气隙磁通密度波，结合经典的麦克斯韦应力方程计算 了电机正常及断条故障运行时气隙中的电磁力波，综合运用二维快速傅里叶变换，频谱分析 比值校正等方法对电磁力波的阶数，频率和幅值进行了计算和分析。同时利用传统公式计算 了气隙磁密波以及电磁力波的阶数和频率，与数值计算的结果进行了比较，得出了电机断条 后电磁力波的新特征。 关键词：笼型感应电机；转子断条；电磁力波；新特征 中图分类号：TM 343 Study on the Variation Law of Electromagnetic Force Wave Caused by the Broken Rotor Bar Fault in a Squirrel-Cage Induction Motor XIE Ying, WANG Yan (School of Electrical Electronic Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150080) Abstract: Taking a squirrel-cage induction motor Y80-2 as example, the 2D-FEM models of healthy and broken motor were established, then the transient electromagnetic field was calculated, the time-space vary air-gap magnetic flux density wave was obtained, the result was compared with the test data. Based on the air-gap magnetic flux density, the electromagnetic force wave in the air-gap of healthy motor and broken motor was calculated. The order, frequency and magnitude of the electromagnetic force wave were calculated and analyzed combination with 2D-FFT and the technology of discrete spectrum correction. The order, frequency of the magnetic flux density wave and electromagnetic force wave were calculated by the traditional formula, the result was compared with the numerical calculation, and some variation laws were obtained.. Key words: squirrel-cage induction motor; broken rotor bar; electromagnetic force wave; new characteristics 0 引言 笼型感应电机广泛应用于工农业生产，具有结构简单，便于维修等优点。电机运行过程 中难免会发生故障，转子断条故障是其常见的故障之一。国内外已经对笼型感应电机转子断 条故障做了大量研究，包括磁场特性，温度场特性及相关故障诊断技术方面的研究[1-2]。断 条故障会使电机磁场发生畸变，造成电机多方面性能的恶化，如电机断条运行时伴随有剧烈 的电磁振动，同时噪声增大。电磁振动是由电机气隙磁场作用于电机铁心产生的电磁力波所 激发，当电机发生断条故障时，电机气隙磁场发生畸变导致气隙中电磁力波的特性改变，进 而影响到电机的电磁振动和噪声特性，因此有必要对电机断条故障前后电磁力波的变化规律 做研究。 基金项目：高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金资助项目(20102303120001) 作者简介：谢颖(1974)，女，教授，硕士生导师，主要从事电机内电磁场、温度场、振动噪声计算及感应电 动机故障诊断的研究工作.