白芨生态习性的研究.docVIP

PAGE PAGE 1 白芨生态习性的研究 李子辉第一作者简介：李子辉（1963-），男，副教授，从事于药类植物栽培生理研究。E-mail: lzhui1963918@163.com 邓纲2 阎凯3 魏晓梅 第一作者简介：李子辉（1963-），男，副教授，从事于药类植物栽培生理研究。E-mail: lzhui1963918@163.com 1湖南文理学院生命科学系，湖南常德 415000；2云南大学植物改良与应用实验室，云南昆明650091； 3云南大学环境科学与生态修复研究所,云南昆明　650091 摘要： 本文通过对野外生态调查，田间和室内实验，对白芨的自然分布规律、繁殖机制、野生种群特征及其对生境中各生态因子的适应性等做了系统的分析。结果表明：白芨在自然地理上的分布呈广域分布，在微域分布上，呈零星的不连续分布；种群内部其独特的块状茎繁殖和种子繁殖，使其呈现集群分布；在环境适应性方面，对水分、温度、光照、土壤等生态条件均具有较宽的生态幅，抗逆性较强；此外，白芨种群对群落具有较强的选择性。 关键词：白芨 分布 生态习性 适应性 The study of Bletilla striata ecological habits Li Zi-Hui1 Deng Gang2 Yan Kai3 Wei Xiao-Mei2 Dun Hao-Yang2 Liu Jiu-Dong2 1 Department of Life Science, Hunan University of Arts and Science, Changde 415000, China 2 Laboratory of Plant Improvement and Utilization, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China; 3 Institute of Environmental Sciences and Ecological Restoration, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China Abstract This paper systematically analyzed the natural distribution laws, generation mechanism, wild population characteristics and adaptability of various ecological factors in Bletilla striata by using the methods of field ecological investigation, field and laboratory experiments. The results were as follow: the natural geographical distribution of Bletilla striata was wide-range distribution, but it showed sporadic discontinuious distribution within its micro-distribution. The population of Bletilla striata showed contagious distribution because of its special tuber and seed propagation. In the evironmental adaptability aspects, according to the ecological conditions, such as: moisture, temperature, light, soil etc, Bletilla striata had wide ecological amplitude and strong resistance. In additon, the population of Bletilla striata had a strong selective for community. Key words: Bletilla striata; distribution; ecological habits; adaptability 1 引言 白芨〔Bletilla striata (Thunb.)Rchb.f.〕为兰科白芨属，多年生宿根草本植物，白芨具有非常广阔的开发利用价值。白芨在我国的药用已有上千年历史，具有收敛止血、消肿生肌等功效[1]。白芨块茎所含白芨胶，多方面的理化性质与阿拉伯