国际贸易实务双语教案.doc

Chapter 1 International Trade Terms and Customs 国际贸易术语与国际贸易惯例 1.1 Trade Terms and Customs 国际贸易术语与国际贸易惯例 Definitions and functions of international trade terms 国际贸易术语的概念及作用 International commodity prices are consisted of not only unit price and amount but also related liabilities, costs and risks between the seller and buyer. 国际贸易商品价格构成中，除了要表明每一计量单位的价格、金额外，还要表明买卖双方在货物交接过程中有关责任、费用、风险的划分问题。 Definition Trade terms, also called price terms or price conditions, are abbreviations of letters or words specifying specific certain liabilities, costs and risks between the seller and buyer. 国际贸易术语（Trade Terms） 也称为价格术语、价格条件，它是指用短语或英文缩写来说明商品的价格构成及买卖双方在货物的交接过程中有关的风险、责任和费用划分问题的专门用语。 It covers two basic elements: 1) trade terms indicate commodity price composition, for instance, whether the seller’s quotation includes freight, insurance premium or discharge. FOB excludes freight and insurance premium which are paid by the buyer. And CIF is the opposite. 2) Trade terms are specified terms concerning place of delivery, risks, obligations and costs during delivery of goods between the seller and the buyer. 这一定义包含两层意思，第一层含义：贸易术语说明了商品的价格构成，卖方所报价格是否包含运费、保费、装缷费是离岸价还是到目的港的价格。如用FOB，不包含运费、保费，称离岸价，运、保费要由买方出。CIF则相反：运费、保费都已在包含在货价中，由卖方承担。第二层含义：国际贸易术语是买卖双方在货物交接过程中，关于交货地点，风险、责任、费用如何划分的专门用语。 Function国际贸易术语的作用 Trade terms, which are used as united and specific language for worldwide merchants, take shape gradually in international practice and greatly simplify dealing procedures, improving efficiency and play significant roles in international trade. 国际贸易术语是在长期的国际贸易实践中逐渐发展形成的，作为全世界国际贸易商人的统一专门用语，大大简化了交易程序，提高了交易效率，降低了交易成本，有力地促进了国际贸易的发展，在国际贸易中具有重要的作用。 International trade customs有关国际贸易术语的国际贸易惯例 Definition国际贸易惯例的概念 International trade customs are universally recognized customary ways for doing business as well as explanation evolving in the long process of trade development. It has been compiled by relative international organizations into rules and regulations which are acquainted, recognized and ado