第五章平面静定桁架.ppt

FP FN2 FN1 FN3 FAy ?5-4结点法和截面法的联合应用 结点法 Method of joints—for the calculation of simple trusses 简单桁架，求全部杆件内力。 截面法Method of section — for calculation of forces of desired members 求指定杆件内力，联合桁架联系杆内力。 有时，需要同时应用结点法和截面法才能确定杆件内力。In some cases it is necessary to jointly use both methods to calculate the internal forces of members. 当同时应用结点法和截面法才能确定杆件内力时，统称为联合法（When 2 methods are required to determine the internal forces of members, we have combined method）。 Example 试求下页图示K式桁架指定杆1、2、3的轴力 Determine the axial forces of members 1 through 3 of the shown truss. ED杆内力如何求? ?5-5 几种梁式桁架的比较Comparison of several Girder trusses M0 — 简支梁弯矩 h — 桁架高 弦杆chords： 腹杆web： FQ0 -简支梁剪力 §5-6 组合结构的计算 The calculation of composite structures FP 链杆links 受弯杆bending members 组合结构composite structures 链杆:二力杆，只有轴力links— two-force members are subjected to axial forces. 受弯杆:有弯矩、剪力flexural member— are mainly subjected to bending moment, sometimes shearing forces 静定组合结构 Statically determinate composite structures 特点properties: They are composed by two-force members and flexural members, and generally have key links. 既有桁架杆，又有弯曲杆,一般有一些关键的联系杆 求解的关键点 The key points for the solution 选择恰当方法解决关键杆内力计算，Select appropriate methods to calculate the key links. 选择截面时，必须注意区分两类杆To identify two kinds of members when select sections. 从组成入手先解决关键杆计算 To calculate key links according the geometric construction. 例：分析图示组合结构的内力Determine the internal forces of the composite structure 4m 4m 4m 2m 2m 2m 8kN C B A D E F G 解Solution：计算反力 The calculation of reactions. 5kN 3kN 0 （思路method：先计算链杆内力，再计算受弯杆内力At first calculate the axial forces, then calculate the internal forces of bending members ） （分析：由几何构造分析知，结构上部可看成由结点C和杆DE联结两刚片组成，可截断联系，取刚片为隔离体，由平衡条件求联系杆件内力（联系未知力不超过3个）） 由截面m-m截开联系，取左边为隔离体。 m m 4m 2m 2m 2m 8kN A D F 5kN 0 C FNDE FCX FCY FNDE=12kN FNDF FNDA D 8kN 12kN 3kN 6kN 13.4kN 5kN F A C （上面受拉） 3kN 6kN 13.4kN C G B 12kN 3kN （上面受拉） 4m 4m 4m 2m 2m 2m 8kN C B A D E F G 5kN 3kN 0 4 6 12 M图（kN?m） 13.4 13.4 -6 -6