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Book 7 Unit 5 Grammar导学案
不定式( the Infinitive)的用法
【使用说明与学法指导】
自主学习,研究例句,归纳比较,总结规律,并强化记忆。不懂之处,留
待课堂探究。
【学习目标】
识记动词不定式的基本用法,并熟练运用。
I. 判断下列不定式在句子中充当的成分。
( )1. To?see is to believe.
( )2. It is my ambition to make sure that the disabled people in our neighborhood have access to all public buildings.
( )3. My ambition is to work in the computer industry.
( )4. I don’t have time to sit around feeling sorry for myself.
( )5. A big company has decided to buy it from me.
( )6. I have had to work hard to live a normal life.
( )7. Some days I am too tired to get out of bed.
( )8. We must call on local government to give financial assistance to disabled people.
Conclusion: 不定式由“ to+动词原形”构成,没有人称和数的变化,在句中不能独立作谓语。不定式在句中可作_____, _____, _____, _____, _____, _____。
Ⅱ. 不定式在句子中的成分
1. 不定式在句子中做主语
(1) To act like that is childish.
(2) It is not easy to learn English well.
(3) It calls for a great deal of memory work to master a foreign language.
Conclusion:为避免句子出现 “头重脚轻”现象, 常用 做形式主语,将真正主语的不定式后置。
2. 不定式在句子中宾语
A. (1) She intends to talk about the matter.
(2) He hopes to find a job soon.
Conclusion:常接动词不定式作宾语的动词有:_______________________ .
B. (1) I was allowed to continue _____________ (use) the library.
(2) When did you begin _____________(learn) English?
Conclusion:begin, start, continue后既可接________又可接________作宾语,意义上无根本区别。
C. (1) 请接着做同一个练习。
Please go on _________ (do) the same exercise.
(2) 请做另外一个练习。
Please go on __________(do) the other exercise.
Conclusion:go on后既可接 ,也可以接 , 但意义不同;有类似用法的动词有: .
D. (1) Have you decided what to do next?
(2) I didn’t know whether to laugh or cry about it.
(3) I’ll ask him how to operate the machine.
Conclusion:动词learn, decide, know, determine, ask 等常跟“ +不定式(短语)”作宾语。
E. (1) I find it difficult to work with him.
(2) He makes it a rule to read newsp
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