无刷直流电机论文（刘志强）.doc

上海海运学院硕士学位论文 15 - 【摘要】 永磁无刷直流电动机（BLDC）是随着电机控制技术、电力电子技术和微电子技术的发展而出现的一种新型电机。它是在有刷直流电动机的基础上发展起来的。由于无刷直流电动机既具备交流电动机的结构简单、运行可靠、维护方便等一系列优点，又具备直流电动机的运行效率高、无励磁损耗以及调速性能好等诸多特点, 因此成为研究热点。 本文以无刷直流电动机（BLDC）为控制对象，应用DSP为微处理器进行了无刷直流电动机控制系统的软硬件设计。无刷直流电动机控制系统是具有数字化特点的电动机控制系统，通过数字信号处理器与相关模拟电路的组合，成功地实现了对电机控制的数字化处理。经过实验表明控制系统满足了无刷直流电动机高性能伺服控制所需参数的准确性与实时性要求。 　　系统硬件采用以TMS320LF2407为处理器；逆变器采用以IGBT构成的全桥电路，并采用光耦3140对其驱动；设计了硬件互锁电路，在硬件上防止逆变器的上桥臂与下桥臂的直通；同时设计了必要的保护电路（包括过流保护、过压保护等保护电路）。整个系统的硬件设计采取了很多EMC措施，采用控制电路与驱动电路分两块PCB板的设计方法，增强了系统的可靠性。 　　系统软件采用C语言编写的程序，整个控制系统软件将采用主程序、服务子程序和中断子程序所组成。主程序完成芯片初始化、变量的初始化等。服务子程序完成A/D转换、键盘扫描、数字PI控制、软件换相、PWM产生等。 【关键词】无刷直流电动机 DSP 数字化处理 伺服控制 【Abstract】 Brushless Direct Current Motor is a new type motor which developed on base of Direct Current Motor due to the advancement of the power electronics 、motor control technology and microprocessor . Because this type of motor not only have the merit of the AC induction motor for simple structure、reliable operation and easy upholding but also have the merit of the Direct Current Motor for high performance、no lose and easy control. the research and application of it has draw lots of attention of the researchers in this field in resent years. The design use Brushless Direct Current Motor as an object, completing the design of high performance control system of BLDC based on DSP. The system has the characteristic of digital motor control ,Via assembled DSP and analogue circuit accomplishing the digital control of motor. Experimentation indicates the system fulfill the demand of veracity and real time for the high performance servo control system of BLDC The hardware of the system use the TMS320LF2407 as the microprocessor; the converters is made of the IGBT to form the bridge circuit and the drive circuit is made of the optocouple. In order to avoid the direct shoot of the bridge the design also consider the protection of it and the protection circuit is offered in the design. Many EMC method is adopted throughout the design