2020高考英语新创新大一轮复习人教全国版讲义语法突破专题化第三部分第二讲简单句与并列句含答案.docVIP

第二讲简单句与并列句 简单句　 [全析考法] Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find them alive. True to a gorillas unaggressive nature, the huge animal________ (mean) me no real harm. 解析：meant　根据语境可知此处叙述的是发生在过去的事情，应该用一般过去时，故填meant。 2．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)This included digging up the road, ________ (lay) the track and then building a strong roof over the top. 解析：laying　laying和句中的digging up, building并列。 3．(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal ________ (create) special designs. 解析：to create　句意：熟练的工人还会把各种硬质木材和金属组合起来以创作独特的样式。根据语境可知，此处应用不定式作目的状语。 Ⅱ.单句改错 1．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)When I was little, Friday night was our family game night ...Still I unwilling to play the games with them sometimes.________________ 解析：unwilling前加was　unwilling是形容词，它和系动词一起构成“主系表”结构。此处叙述“我”小时候的事情，主语是I，所以用was。 2．(2016·四川高考)Both Dad and I planned to do something on Mothers Day. We get up early in the morning.________________ 解析：get→got　此处描述母亲节当天的事，根据语境可知，此处应用一般过去时态。 [谨记规则] 简单句就是由一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语)构成的句子。简单句有五种基本句式，其他各种句式都是由这五种基本句式演变而来。 基本句型一：S＋V (主＋谓) 释义：此句型的句子有一个共同特点，即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。 S V (不及物动词) 1.Time flies. 2.The moon rose. 3.She sings beautifully. 4.They talked for half an hour. 5.He walked yesterday. [特别注意] 主语可有修饰语——定语，谓语可有修饰语——状语。 The red sun rises in the east.红色的太阳从东方升起。 基本句型二：S＋V＋O (主＋谓＋宾) 释义：此句型的句子有一个共同特点，谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟有一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。 S V (及物动词) O (宾语) 1.Who knows the answer？ 2.She laughs at her. 3.They ate some apples. 4.Danny likes swimming. 5.I want to have a cup of tea. 基本句型三：S＋V＋IO＋DO (主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾) 释义：此句型的句子有一个共同特点，谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。这两个宾语一个是动作的直接承受者，另一个是动作的间接承受者。 S V (及物) IO (多指人) DO (多指物) 1.She passed him a new dress. 2.She cooked her husband a delicious meal. 3.I showed him my pictures. 4.I told him how to run the machine. 5.He showed me the bus over there. 基本句型四：S＋V＋O＋C (主＋谓＋宾＋宾补) 释义：此句型的句子有一个共同特点，动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语，才能使意思完整。 S V (及物) O (宾语) C (宾