高考对时态和语态的考查.docVIP

新课标高考对时态和语态的考查 动词的时态与语态是高考重要考点之一。对其考查都放在具体的情境中，非常灵活。为了增加试题的难度，常集多个考点于一题，如把动词的时态与语态、主谓一致或虚拟语气结合起来考查。研究历年高考试题，可发现其命题常有如下四个角度： 一、题干给出标志性的时间状语，考生可根据所给时间状语选择时态。 1. Progress ______ so far very good and we are sure that the work will be finished on time. (09全国II) A. was B. had been C. has been D. will be 【解析】so far常与现在完成时连用，故选C。 2. Daniel’s family ______ their holiday in Huangshan this time next week. (09安徽) A. are enjoying B. are to enjoy C. will enjoy D. will be enjoying 【解析】由this time next week可知，这里描述的是将来某段时间正在发生的事情，故选D。 二、基于某些特殊句式对时态的要求设题，如时间、条件状语从句中常用一般现在时表示将来；This is the first/second time+从句（从句要用现在完成时）等。 1. This is the first time we ______ a film in the cinema together as a family. (09陕西) A. see B. had seen C. saw D. have seen 【解析】D。This is the first time +从句（从句要用现在完成时）。 2. –How can I apply for an online course? –Just fill out this form and we ______ what we can do for you. (07北京) A. see B. are seeing C. have seen D. will see 【解析】D。在“祈使句+ and/or + 陈述句”句型中，陈述句谓语动词常用一般将来时或情态动词+动词原形。 三、题干给出了时间状语或用了特殊句式，但所给的时间状语等线索有着较强的干扰性和迷惑性，考生需要结合上下文语境才能选出正确答案。 1. He ______ football regularly for many years when he was young. (08天津) A. was playing B. played C. has played D. had played 【解析】B。考生容易根据时间状语for many years而误选C。但由when he was young与regularly可知，他在年轻时经常打球，是表示过去的一种习惯性动作，要用一般过去时。 2. –Tom, you didn’t come to the party last night? –I ______, but I suddenly remembered I had homework to do. (07全国II) A. had to B. didn’t C. was going to D. wouldn’t 【解析】C。was going to表示原本打算做某事。 四、题干不提供时间状语，也非特殊句式，考生必须仔细体会上下文情境才能判断出该用什么时态。 1. –Hi, Terry, can I use your computer for a while this afternoon? –Sorry. ______. (09江苏) A. It’s repaired B. It has been repaired C. It’s being repaired D. It had been repaired 【解析】电脑暂时不能用，因为它正在维修中，故选C。 2. When he ______ the door, he found his keys were nowhere. (09湖南) A. would open B. opened C. had opened D. was to open 【解析】D。句意为：当他要开门时，发现钥匙不见了。这里动词不定式表示按计划或安排发生的动作。时间状语从句中通常不用将来时态，故A不对。 应对策略： 一、要明确每个时态的基本意义。 二、要熟记一些标志性时间状语通常所用的时态，如： 与一般现在时连用的时间状语有：always, usuall