二元慢化型中子剂量仪分析.docxVIP

二元慢化型中子剂量仪研究摘要 二元慢化型中子剂量仪研究 摘要 本文设计了由一个球形慢化体和两种热中子灵敏的正比计数器构成的测量装置，将 球型3He正比计数器安置在慢化球的中心位置，该计数器的计数称为“内计数”；6个圆 柱管型BF3正比计数器分别安装在慢化体中靠近表面处，其总计数称为“外计数”，由此 组成“内外计数器”二元结构探头。为了能够探测高能中子，在内外层计数器之间嵌入铅 层，基于Pb(n,xn)的核反应，把高能中子的探测器灵敏度抬高，能量上限拓宽到GeV量 级。 用MCNP3B和FLUKA软件对探头的铅层位置、铅层厚度、外层计数器的位置以 及慢化体的直径进行了计算和分析，确定比较理想的设计方案。考虑到影响因素，本论 文分析了计数器的气压、慢化体的密度和角响应对响应函数的影响问题。为了得到一些 剂量学量，采用了修正因子法和少道解谱法两种模式进行剂量评价。 为了验证探头设计的合理性和两种剂量评价模式的可行性，选择241Am-Be中予源 参考辐射场对探头进行了测试，并对结果进行比较。通过测试，修正因子法得到的周围 剂量当量偏低1％，少道解谱法得到的周围剂量当量偏高17％。另外对各方面的因素进 行分析，得出修正因子法得到的周围剂量当量的测量不确定度为37％，少道解谱法得到 的周围剂量当量的测量不确定度为30％。 实验结果表明，本文设计的探头可以改善中子剂量仪表的剂量响应不理想的状况， 并使探测的高能中子能量范围得以拓宽。 关键词：周围剂量当量；注量能量响应；修正因子；少道解谱；中子剂量仪 二元慢化型中子剂量仪研究ABSTRACT 二元慢化型中子剂量仪研究 ABSTRACT A meas．urement system which consists of a spherical moderator and two types of thermal-neutron—sensitive proportional counters has been designed．The spherical’He proportional counter called as all‘‘inner count’is imbedded at the center of the spherical moderator．Six cylindrial BF3 proportional counters are located close to the moderator surface， and their total counts are called as all“outer count’．The dual structure detector of the“inner and outer counter’in the device is composed．In order to detect the hilgh energy neutron，a lead layer is embedded between inner and outer detector．Based on the Pb(n,xn)nuclear reactions of high energy neutrons，the detector sensitivity is improved in the high energy range and the upper neutron limit is up to GeV-level． Position and thickness of lead layer,counters position，and moderator diameter Was calculated and compared by MCNP3B and FLUKA codes．The ideal design was determined． Considering the influence factors，the influence of response function such as the air pressWe of counters，the density of moderator and the angle response has been analyzed．The correction factor and few-channel unfolding methods were adopted for dose evaluation． In order to verify the reasonability of the detector design and the feasibility of the two dose assessment models．t