单侧钢轨波磨对两侧轮轨瞬态响应的影响分析.pdf

第53 卷第22 期 机 械 工 程 学 报 Vol.53 No.22 2017 年 11 月 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING Nov. 2 0 1 7 DOI ：10.3901/JME.2017.22.117 * 单侧钢轨波磨对两侧轮轨瞬态响应的影响分析 刘 超 赵 鑫 赵小罡 寇峻瑜 温泽峰 (西南交通大学牵引动力国家重点实验室 成都 610031) 摘要：基于我国某地铁钢轨波磨的调研，采用显式有限元法建立了考虑车轮、车轴和钢轨连续体振动以及车辆、轨道高频结 构振动的全轮对三维瞬态轮轨滚动接触模型，在时域内数值再现了轮对通过单侧钢轨波磨轨道段时的滚动接触行为，系统分 析了单侧钢轨波磨对两侧轮轨瞬态响应的影响。相比于作者之前开发的半轮对滚动接触模型，该模型可将轮轨横向蠕滑和大 自旋考虑在内。结果表明：地铁运行速度越高，波磨侧的不均匀磨损现象越严重；计算的五个速度中，波磨造成的瞬态激励 在30 和120 km/h 时更易传递至无波磨侧，进而促进无波磨侧钢轨萌生波磨；轮对越是向波磨侧横移，波磨侧不均匀磨损越 严重，但无波磨侧不均匀磨损逐渐降低，即相较于直线段，横移更大的曲线段上的外侧钢轨波磨更不易引发另一侧钢轨的 波磨。 关键词：钢轨波磨；单侧波磨；瞬态轮轨滚动接触；不均匀磨损；显式有限元法 中图分类号：U211 Analyses of Transient Wheel-Rail Interactions Excited by Unilateral Rail Corrugation LIU Chao ZHAO Xin ZHAO Xiaogang KOU Junyu WEN Zefeng (State Key Laboratory of Traction Power, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031) Abstract ：A 3-D transient wheelset-rail rolling contact model has been developed using the explicit finite element method, with which the continuum vibrations of the wheel, axle and rail are considered together with the structural vibrations of the vehicle-track system. Such a model, which numerically reproduces the rolling behavior of a whole wheelset on a track in the time domain, is employed in this work to analyze the transient wheel-rail interactions in the presence of a rail corrugation. Compared to the previous half-wheelset model, the lateral creepage and spin of the wheelset are taken into account in the present