计算机科学导论 (2).pptVIP

* Octal-hexadecimal conversion The specified number is first translated into equivalent binary number, then the binary number is converted to the representation in the target number system Example: conversion between (6572)8 and (D7A)16 Figure 2.8 Converting octal to hexadecimal and hexadecimal to octal Unit 2 Number Systems and Conversions * 2-1 Basic Concepts 2-2 Positional Number System 2-3 Conversion 2-4 Non-Positional Number System 2-5 Summary 2-6 Practice Set Outline * Understand the basic concepts about a number system. Understand the difference between positional system and non-positional System Convert a number between different number systems. After reading this chapter, you are supposed tobe able to : Objectives Calculate the value of a roman numeral. Calculate the value of a number from a specified positional number system. * a number system is a series of rules about how a number of specific value can be represented using various symbols. two numbers (2A)16 and (52)8 have the same value: (42)10, but their representations are different. Two groups of number systems: positional number system【按位计数系统】 and non-positional number systems【非按位计数系统】. 2-2 Basic Concepts * Representation Decimal System Binary System Hexadecimal System Octal System Summary 2-2 Positional Number System 【按位计数系统】 * Representation Representation Value Where a is the set of symbols, r is the base (or radix) . We use the base of a number system to identify the number of digits used in the number system, and the digits always begin with 0 and continue through one less than the base. There are 2 digits (0 and 1) in binary number system, 8 digits (0 through 7) in octal number system. * Representation Maximum value The maximum value of a decimal integer that can be represented by k digits for base r. For example: k =1, the max value = 9 k=2, the max value = 99 k=3, the max value = 999 * Decimal system In this system the base r = 10 and we use ten symbols: A = {0, 1,