英语专四词汇常考词根词缀.docVIP

英语专四词汇常考词缀： 后缀（改词性保词义） 名词后缀 1)-or/er/ess/crat/cis做某件事情或职业的人或或物: worker, debtor , actress, democrat 2)-acy表示“性质,状态,境遇” democracy, accuracy, diplomacy 3)ance、-ence表示”性质,状况,行为,过程,总量,程度” Importance，diligence, difference. obedience 4)-ancy , -ency表示“性质,状态,行为,过过程” frequency, urgency，efficiency 5)-bility表示“动作,性质,状态” possibility, flexibility, feasibility 6)-dom表示“等级,领域,状态” freedom, kingdom, wisdom 7)-hood表示“资格,身份,年纪,状态” childhood, manhood, falsehood 8)-ion,-sion,-tion,- ation,- Ition表示“行为的过程,结果,状况” action，solution, conclusion, destruction expression. correction 9)-ism表示“制度,主义,学说,信仰,行为” socialism, criticism，colloquialism, heroism 10)-ity表示“性质,状态,程度” purity, reality, ability, calamity 11)-ment表示“行为,状态,过程,手段及其结果” treatment, movement，judgment, punishment, argument 12)-ness表示示“性质,状态,程程度” goodness, kindness. tiredness，friendliness 13)-ship表示“情况,性质,技巧,技能及身份,职业” hardship，membership, friendship 14)-th表示“动作,性质,过程,状态” depth, wealth, truth, length, growth 15)-tude表示“性质,状态,程度” latitude, altitude(海拔) 16)-ure表示“行为,结果” exposure, pressure, failure, procedure(手续) 17)-grapy表示“……学,写法” biography, calligraphy, geography 18)-ic,ics表示 “……学，……法” logic, mechanics, electronics, linguistics 19)-ology表示“…学,…论” biology, zoology, technology(工艺学) 20)-nomy表示“……学……术” astronomy，economy，bionomy(生态学) -age 状态、行为、集合 shortage, baggage; -al动作、人、事物refusal, professional 形容词后缀 1)-able, -ible: visible, flexible 2)名词-ish: foolish, bookish. selfish 3)-Ive: active, sensitive, productive 4)-like: manlike, childlike 5)名词-y: manly, fatherly, scholarly, motherly 6)-some: troublesome, handsome 7)-ful: beautiful, wonderful, helpful, truthful 8)-ous: dangerous, generous, courageous, various 9)-ent: violent 10)-most: foremost, topmost 11)-less,表示否定: countless. stainless, wireless 12)-ary, -ory与……相关的imaginary, obligatory; 13)-ed有……的wooded, pleased; 14)-en有……质的，似……的wooden, golden; 15)-free免于……的carefree, duty-free; 动词后缀 1)-ize, ise,表示“做成,变成,…化” modernize, mechanize, democratize, organize 2)-en,表示“使成为,引起,使有” quicken, weaken