高维辅助的普量子线路优化.pdf

Acta Phys. Sin. Vol. 61, No. 12 (2012) 120301 † ( , 266100 ) ( 2011 8 23 ; 2011 11 7 ) Lanyon (Lanyon B P et al 2008 Nature Physics 5 134) Hilbert Toffoli , , Cosine-Sine Decomposition(CSD), Quantum Shannon Decomposition(QSD) , , n , QED . , , , . : , , PACS: 03.67.a, 42.50.EX . 1 2008 , Lanyon Ralph [14] , Hilbert Toffoli U , , , Toffoli [15]. , . CNOT , . , . 1995 Barenco Bennett , . , QR [13] , n 3 n CNOT O(n 4 ), , [47] n , . 2 4n (2n +3) 2n +2n; 2004 , Vartiainen CSD [810] , 2 4n 2 2n ; 2006 , Shende QSD [7,11] 2.1 (23/48) 4n (3/2) 2n + 4/3. A, B Hilbert , , 2004 Shende (4n 3n 1)/4[12] 00AB , 01AB , 10AB , 11AB , . , ψ = a1 00AB + a2 01AB + a3 10AB + 2009 Home [13] a4 11AB . U , Φ, Φ = U ψ . , , Φ = b1 00AB + b2 01AB + b3 10AB + b4 11A