初中定语从句（全，含练习和答案解析）.docxVIP

（一）定语从句的概念 定语从句：一个简单句跟在一名词或代词后（先行词）进行修饰限定，就叫做定语从句。在主句中充当定语成分。 被修饰的词叫先行词。定语从句不同于单词作定语的情况，它通常只能放在被修饰的词（即先行词）之后。 定语?从句由关系词（关系代词、关系副词）引导，关系代词、关系副词位于定语从句句首。 因此， Handsome?boy?=?the boy who?is?handsome Beautiful flower?=?the flower which?is?beautiful ? 被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 关系词可分为关系代词（who, whom, whose, which, that) 和关系副词(when, where, why) ? 关系词都充当从句的某个成分，它所替代的相应成分应省去。 在定语从句中，当who, which, that作主语时，谓语的单复数应与先行词保持一致。 ? 关系词常有3个作用： ①引导定语从句。 ②代替先行词。 ③在定语从句中担当一个成分。 ? 定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。非限制性定语从句与先行词的关系不如限制性定语从句与先行词的关系紧密，没有它，主句的意思也清楚，因此用逗号隔开。关系词在非限制性定语从句中的用法与在限制性定语从句中的用法基本一样。 （二）关系代词用法 关系代词 指示对象 作用 例句 That 人/物 主（宾） The student that answered the question was John.回答问题的学生是约翰。 The book （that） you lent me was interesting.你借给我的那本书很有趣。 Which 物 主（宾） Football is a game which is liked by most boys. 足球是大多数男孩都喜欢的游戏. This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. 这是他昨天刚买的钢笔. Who 人 主（宾） A doctor is a person who looks after peoples health. The man（who）you met just now is my friend. Whom 人 （宾） The man（whom）you met just now is my friend. 你刚刚见到的那个人就是我的朋友. Mr. Ling is just the boy（whom）I want to see. 凌先生恰巧就是我想见的那个男孩. Whose 人.物 定 He has a friend whose father is a doctor. Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. ? 注意一： 1）介词后面的关系词不能省略。　　　 ? 2）that前不能有介词。 ? 3）?whom在定语从句中只指人，做宾语，可用who或that代替，也可以省略但后边的介词提前时，只用whom例如： Do you know the man (whom/who/that) the teacher is talking to? = Do you know the man to whom the teacher is talking? She is the person (whom/who/that) you should turn to for help. = She is the person to whom you should turn for help ? 4) Whose 用来指人或物，(只用作定语) (1) They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。 (2) Please pass me the book?whose cover?(=of which the cover) is green.　请递给我那本绿皮的书。 ? 5)?先行词有下列词修饰时只能用as引导定语从句,?如：as...as；so...as；such...as；the same+?名词+as。 You can buy as many books as you want in this bookstore. (as作want的宾语) Such computers as are used in our office are made in South Korea.(as作定语从句的主语) This jewel is the same one as I sh