EPA SEA 战略环境评估.pptVIP

Ultimately, as a result of the influence of sustainability in strategic decision-making, a wider framework of sustainability-led SEAs could include: commitment to the principle of sustainability; determination of carrying capacity; SEA of all relevant tiers of PPPs and their alternatives; EIA of specific projects within the constraints set by SEA; and monitoring and iterative feedback to stages 2-4. SEA is in many ways a prototype of the new approach to environmental issues. It requires institutions to consider the consequences of a range of actions early on in the planning process, to choose the most appropriate action on environmental as well as socio-economic grounds, and to minimise any remaining environmental impacts. It is thus characterised by its strategic nature and its emphasis on preventing environmental damage.? SEA requires institutional cooperation to collect data and to make consistent predictions.? By requiring planning decisions to be made in a more rational and open way, SEA is likely to promote both equity and public participation. Is SEA just a dressed-up EIA? The answer to that question is No.? Integration of SEA into the PPP formulation process will not be achieved by attempting to translate existing project-based EIA legislation, procedures and format, upstream.? New methodologies and procedural requirements, specifically for SEA, will be required.? Particular efforts are needed to consider indirect, secondary and cumulative impacts which are not covered adequately at project-level EIA.? The effects of strategic actions are often much more uncertain than those of projects, so SEA methods need to be able to cope with this uncertainty.? The time frame for SEAs, the evolutionary nature of the formulation of strategic actions, and their synergies with other strategic actions, are also very different to site-specific projects, and need to be recognised in the development and adoption of SEA methods. However, some principles and concepts f