扬州韭菜迟眼蕈蚊越冬习性及种群年动态变化规律-植物保护学报.pdf

植物保护学报Journal of Plant Protection ，2017 ，44 （4 ）：576-581 DOI ：10.13802/ki.zwbhxb.2017.2016160 扬州市韭菜迟眼蕈蚊越冬习性 及种群年动态变化规律 1 1 1 1 1 2* 孔海龙 王 成 郑敏圆 毛 念 祝树德 张友军 （1. 扬州大学园艺与植物保护学院，江苏扬州225009 ；2. 中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所，北京 100081） 摘要：为探明扬州市韭菜迟眼蕈蚊Bradysia odoriphaga Yang et Zhang 越冬习性及其种群年动态变 化规律，通过田间调查和室内测定对2014—2015 年扬州市杭集镇韭菜田韭菜迟眼蕈蚊的越冬时 间、抗寒能力及种群年动态变化规律进行了研究。结果表明：扬州市韭菜迟眼蕈蚊主要以4 龄幼虫 虫态、以韭菜鳞茎内为场所进行越冬，越冬起止时间为12 月初至次年3 月中旬；越冬之前、越冬前 期、越冬中期，幼虫的过冷却点分别为-5.5 、-6.6 和-7.8℃，均低于当地当年冬季的月最低温 度-3.5℃，表明韭菜迟眼蕈蚊在扬州市能顺利越冬；单层、双层棚内越冬幼虫的发育进度观察发现， 越冬幼虫可顺利发育至成虫，表明扬州市韭菜迟眼蕈蚊以休眠方式越冬。扬州市韭菜迟眼蕈蚊成 虫在3—6 月、9—11 月中旬各有3 个高峰，夏季虫量较少。 关键词：韭菜迟眼蕈蚊；越冬；过冷却点；休眠；成虫高峰 Overwintering habits and population dynamics of Chinese chive gnat Bradysia odoriphaga Yang et Zhang in Yangzhou City Kong Hailong1 Wang Cheng1 Zheng Minyuan1 Mao Nian1 Zhu Shude1 Zhang Youjun2* （1. College of Plant Protection and Horticulture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu Province, China; 2. Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China） Abstract: To investigate the overwintering habits and population dynamics of Chinese chive gnat Bra- dysia odoriphaga Yang et Zhang in Yangzhou City, the overwintering time, cold resistance and annual population dynamics of B. odoriphaga were investigated in the leek field of Hangji Town of Yangzhou City from 2014 to 2015. The results showed that B. odoriphaga overwintered with 4th instar larvae in leek bulbs from early December to coming mid-March. The supercooling point of larvae from different overwintering stages were -5.54, -6.56 and -7.81℃, respectively, which were lower than the mini- mum tempe