红胸叶虫在椰子上之发育及其对嫩叶与老叶之偏好比较.doc

PAGE PAGE 1 紅胸葉蟲在椰子上之發育及其對嫩葉與老葉之偏好比較 Development of Brontispa longissima (Gestro) and Comparison of Their Feeding Preference on Young and Old Leaf of Cocos nucifera L. 研究生: 費莎 (Faizah Abdullah) 張念台 博士 摘要 本研究探討紅胸葉蟲(Brontispa longissima Gestro)，估算其年齡別存活率(lx)，雌生殖率(F)。其對於椰子(Cocos nucifera L.)嫩葉與老葉的取食偏好則利用消耗指標及葉片萃取的化學物之比較加以探討。紅胸葉蟲取食椰子的發育研究於實驗室28oC下進行，並以兩性、年齡-齡期別生命表加以分析。結果發現雌蟲36日齡對族群貢獻最大，卵、幼蟲與蛹的平均發育期分別為14.26、27.32及2.84日。自卵開始雌蟲平均產卵前期為36.93±3.43日。在實驗結束的第55日前，每雌蟲平均可產42.86±8.7卵，而單日一雌蟲最多產11粒卵，單隻雌蟲最多總產卵為60粒。椰子主要於嫩葉期受紅胸葉蟲為害，由取食偏好比較得知，隨葉片成長老葉受害較輕的主因是其變硬。嫩葉受害率遠高於老葉，測試第1日嫩葉(YL)的消耗為1.9620 mm2，老葉(OL)則為1.4560 mm2，而第2日的YL=1.6160 mm2 ，OL= 0.8560 mm2，第3日的YL= 1.5950 mm2，OL=0.9010 mm2。由上午8.00 am 到次日 4.00am 的觀察，幾乎每個測試培養皿的5 (100%)隻紅胸葉蟲都取食椰子嫩葉，只有少數蟲於6.00 pm到 4.00 am間取食老葉。以液相層析儀(HPLC) 關鍵字 : 紅胸葉蟲、椰子、生活史、生殖力、酚化物 ABSTRACT This study was done to determine the development of Brontispa longissima Gestro, its age-specific survival rate (lx), and female fecundity (F). The feeding preference between young and matured leaves of Cocos nucifera L. was also investigated by comparing leaf consumption incidence of B. longissima and the chemical content from plant extraction. The development of B. longissima cohorts fed on C. nucifera was studied at 28oC in the laboratory, and the data was analyzed based on a age-stage, two-sex, life table in order to measure the differences in the developmental rate among individuals and both sexes. Female individuals of age 36 day make the highest contribution to the population. The mean developmental time of B. longissima at 280C and 70% R.H. for egg, larva and pupa were 4.26 days, 27.32 days and 2.84 days, respectively. The mean total pre-oviposition period of female counted from egg for all B. longissima females is 36.93±3.43 days. The mean egg produced by each female was 42.86±8.7, with maximum fecundity = 60 and maximum daily fecundity = 11, before the test terminated at day 55. It was observed that majority of damage on C. nucifera by B. longissima occurred on