2019-2020同步译林英语选修六新突破讲义：Unit+4　Section+Ⅲ　Grammar——虚拟语气（Ⅱ）和答案.docVIP

PAGE Section Ⅲ　Grammar——虚拟语气(Ⅱ) 语 境 自 主 领 悟 先观察原句 后自主感悟 1.If you had asked him yesterday，you would know what to do now. 2.He looks as if he had seen a ghost. 3.He looks as if he were an artist. 4.If only the alarm clock had rung. 5.If only I were you！ 6.I wish he had visited us last night. 7.I would rather (that) I had not seen it. 8.I would rather you painted the wall green next time. 9.I suggest that we (should) hold a meeting next week. 10.It is time that the children went/should go to bed. 1.句1中从句的谓语动词为had asked，是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气；主句的谓语动词为would know，是与现在事实相反的虚拟语气。 2.由句1、2、3、4可以看出，as if从句和if only后的句子常用虚拟语气。表示对过去的虚拟用过去完成时，如句2、4；表示对现在的虚拟用一般过去时(be动词常用were)，如句3、5。 3.由句6、7、8可以看出，wish和would rather后的宾语从句中常用虚拟语气。表示对过去的虚拟用过去完成时，如句6、7；would rather后接的宾语从句中若表示对将来的虚拟用一般过去时，如句8。 4.在表示建议、命令、要求等意义的词如suggest，order，command，require等词后的宾语从句中，谓语动词常用(should)＋动词原形，如句9。 5.由句10可以看出，在句型“It is time that...”中，从句的谓语动词既可以使用一般过去时，也可以使用should＋动词原形。 一、错综时间条件句(混合条件句) 当条件状语从句表示的动作或行为和主句表示的动作或行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称为“错综时间条件句”，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整。 If you had followed my advice just now，you would be better now. 如果你刚才听了我的建议，你现在就好多了。 If he were free today，we would have sent him to Beijing. 如果他今天有空的话，我们就派他去北京了。 [即时训练1]　用所给词的适当形式填空 ①If you had studied (study)hard before，you would be (be)a college student now. ②If you hadnt lost the map，we would be (be)back in the hotel now. 二、含蓄虚拟条件句 有时虚拟的条件不通过条件从句表达出来，而是暗含在单词、短语或上下文中，这时需要根据句中所表述的意义以及某些特定的信息词来判断此时需要采用的形式。常用词或短语有：with，without，but for，or else，or，otherwise等。 But for her help，they couldnt have run over the mountain in such a short time. 要不是她的帮助，他们不会在那么短的时间内翻过那座山。 I was ill that day.Otherwise，I would have taken part in the sports meeting. 我那天病了。否则，我就参加运动会了。 He must have been there，or he never could know the place so well. 他一定去过那儿，否则他决不会如此了解那个地方。 [名师点津]　 有些句子中没有任何表示虚拟语气的词、短语或从句，但仍要用虚拟语气，这时，要么是省略了表示虚拟语气的部分，要么是隐含在上下文中。 I would do anything for her. 我会为她做任何事情。(省略了if I could) We would have given out an urgent message. 我们本来可以发布一则紧急通知的。(省略了but we were uncertai